The impact of psychological aspects, age, and BMI on eating disorder psychopathology among adult males and females with type 1 diabetes

Wisting, Line; Siegwarth, Cecilie; Skrivarhaug, Torild; Dahl‐Jørgensen, Knut; Rø, Øyvind

doi:10.1177/2055102920975969

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Most studies (n = 19) explored the prevalence of and/or correlates of disordered eating behaviours (including insulin restriction and/or omission) in individuals with T1DM [21,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]. Three studies focused on sex differences in disordered eating behaviours in individuals with T1DM [22,53,54]. Others compared the nature of disordered eating among individuals with T1DM to individuals with T2DM (n = 4; 55-58) or "healthy" peers without diabetes mellitus (n = 8; 8, 23, 59-64), with one solely focusing on males [23].…”

Section: Research Focusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rates of insulin restriction and/or omission in males with T1DM. Of the 33 quantitative papers, (25 samples), where insulin restriction and/or omission was identified among males with T1DM [21-23, 27, 35-39, 42, 43, 45, 50, 52-56, 58, 61, 65-70, 77], interpretable point estimate rates ranged from 1.4% [21,35] to 76% [52][53][54]75]. Fourteen quantitative studies reported no males restricting and/or omitting insulin for weight and/or shape control [30-32, 40, 41, 44, 46-49, 51, 59, 60, 64, 78].…”

Section: Quantitative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Altinok et al [71], while a greater proportion of females scored above the DEPS-R [73] cut-off, more males than females reported insulin restriction and insulin omission in this group. Finally, in the studies by Wisting et al [52][53][54]75], using the DEPS-R [73], males reported insulin restriction and insulin omission significantly more than females.…”

Section: Quantitative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The misuse of insulin by males with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus for weight and/or shape control: a systematic scoping review

Goddard

Oxlad

Turnbull

2022

J Diabetes Metab Disord

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Background Insulin restriction and/or omission in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a risky disordered eating behaviour increasingly reported in the literature. Most existing literature has focused on females with T1DM. Previous research, however, suggests disordered eating behaviours are over-represented in males with T1DM versus males without T1DM. This systematic scoping review sought to summarise the existing literature to contribute to the development of an understanding of males’ misuse of insulin for weight and/or shape control. Methods A systematic scoping review methodology was used. We searched six electronic databases. Eligible articles were quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods empirical studies with primary data on the restriction and/or omission of insulin for weight and/or shape control among males, written in English from database inception to December 2021. Results A final sample of 56 articles was included (48 quantitative, six qualitative and two mixed methods). Where it was reported to occur, estimates of the behaviour ranged from 5 to 75% in females and 1.4% to 76% in males. In 12 studies examining sex differences, only three reported higher prevalence in females. Understandings about the behavioural context of the behaviour were hampered by lack of qualitative research (n = 4 studies). Conclusion Despite common preconceptions, this disordered eating behaviour appears to occur similarly in males and females. The findings shed light on areas for future research, including aetiology in males and the need for longitudinal and qualitative research. Clinical recommendations include being alert to the possibility of this behaviour in males with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and the need for health professionals to use open-ended questions to explore current and past deliberate restriction and/or omission of insulin among their patients.

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Section: Research Focusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quantitative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quantitative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The misuse of insulin by males with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus for weight and/or shape control: a systematic scoping review

Goddard

Oxlad

Turnbull

2022

J Diabetes Metab Disord

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“…One in two studies found that elevated serotonin levels were correlated with a lower risk of suicide [ 3 ]. Psychopathology linked to physical conditions and the onset of chronic diseases is receiving growing attention since scientific evidence is confirming the need to consider psychic manifestations due to medical conditions as well as symptoms occurring due to the role of psychological domains and phenomena [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Serum serotonin values over 400 μg/L are usually associated with metastatic abdominal carcinoid tumours.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Study of Serum Serotonin as a Screening Marker for Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2022

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Over time, studies have shown the importance of determining serotonin levels to diagnose somatic and psychiatric disorders. There are theoretical premises and practical ways to achieve a subtle correlation between the existence of comorbid psychiatric disorders and somatic diseases caused by the changes observed in serotonin levels. The present study, classified as retrospective and quantitative, provides evidence for determining the serotonin levels in patients with diabetes and anxiety or depression. A total of 48 patients with diabetes type 2 were enrolled in the study. Blood glucose level, glycated haemoglobin, and serum serotonin were noted, and they completed Hamilton A and Beck Depression Inventory questionnaires. We found robust correlations between serum serotonin and blood glucose (Sig. = 0.008), serum serotonin and HbA1c (Sig. = 0.007), serum serotonin and anxiety (Sig. = 0.000), and serum serotonin and depression (Sig. = 0.000). It is also noteworthy that women recorded extreme values higher than men for glycated haemoglobin (95% confidence interval: 6.92–7.79 in women and 6.30–7.23 in men). In conclusion, using serotonin as a marker of the mentioned diseases in clinical practice is of significant utility, considering the benefits in terms of the evolution and prognosis of comorbidities in patients with type 2 diabetes and anxiety and depressive symptoms.

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“…Insulin omission is associated with impaired glycemic control and a threefold increase in mortality (Goebel‐Fabbri et al, 2008). Also, diabetes‐specific illness perceptions (Wisting, Rø, Skrivarhaug, Dahl‐Jørgensen, & Rø, 2019; Wisting, Siegwarth, Skrivarhaug, Dahl‐Jørgensen, & Rø, 2020) and diabetes distress (Saßmann et al, 2020; Strandberg, Graue, Wentzel‐Larsen, Peyrot, & Rokne, 2014) have been associated with ED psychopathology and poor glycemic control among individuals with type 1 diabetes, especially young females. Females who have diabetes and are in their late adolescence or early adulthood appear to be at particular risk for developing ED (Wisting, Skrivarhaug, Dahl‐Jørgensen, & Rø, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of a virtually delivered eating disorder prevention program for young females with type 1 diabetes

Wisting

Haugvik

Wennersberg

et al. 2021

Intl J Eating Disorders

Self Cite

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Objective This study aimed to develop a virtual diabetes‐specific version of the eating disorder (ED) prevention program the Body Project, and to assess feasibility and preliminary efficacy of this program for young females with type 1 diabetes. Method Young females with type 1 diabetes aged 16–35 years were invited to participate in the study. A total of 35 participants were allocated to five Diabetes Body Project groups (six meetings over 6 weeks) and completed pretest assessments; 26 participants completed all sessions and posttest assessments (<7 days after last meeting). Primary measures included ED risk factors and symptoms, and secondary outcomes included diabetes‐specific constructs previously found to be associated with ED psychopathology (e.g., diabetes distress and illness perceptions). Results The ease of recruitment, timely conduct of five groups, moderate drop‐out rate and appreciation of the intervention by participants indicated that the Diabetes Body Project is feasible. Meaningful reductions occurred on the primary outcomes (i.e., ED psychopathology, body dissatisfaction, and thin ideal internalization) and on internalization of appearance ideals and appearance pressures at posttest (Cohen's d ranging from .63 to .83, which are medium to large effects). Small to medium effect sizes were found for diabetes illness perceptions and distress (.41 and .48, respectively). Discussion The virtual Diabetes Body Project is a promising and much‐needed intervention, worthy of more rigorous evaluation. A randomized controlled trial is warranted to determine its effectiveness compared with a control condition.

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The impact of psychological aspects, age, and BMI on eating disorder psychopathology among adult males and females with type 1 diabetes

Cited by 7 publications

References 49 publications

The misuse of insulin by males with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus for weight and/or shape control: a systematic scoping review

The misuse of insulin by males with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus for weight and/or shape control: a systematic scoping review

Clinical Study of Serum Serotonin as a Screening Marker for Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Feasibility of a virtually delivered eating disorder prevention program for young females with type 1 diabetes

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