The Impact of Pre-existing Heart Failure on Pneumonia Prognosis: Population-based Cohort Study

Thomsen, Reimar Wernich; Kasatpibal, Nongyao; Riis, Anders H.; Nørgaard, Mette; Sørensen, Henrik Toft

doi:10.1007/s11606-008-0672-3

Cited by 52 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…In the absence of known anti-infective effects, we hypothesize that any effect of thiazides on pneumonia relates to their physiological effects, particularly on pulmonary edema. Consistent with this speculation, preexisting congestive heart failure appears to influence the prognosis of pneumonia adversely [30]. Thus, diuretic use may reduce the alveolar edema and clinical severity of lung infection, leading to fewer diagnosed cases of pneumonia; this may also play a role in the higher risk observed with b-blockers and negatively ionotropic calcium channel blockers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Antihypertensive medications and risk of community-acquired pneumonia

Mukamal

Ghimire

Pandey

et al. 2010

Journal of Hypertension

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In this population of middle-aged Americans with hypertension, we observed a modestly higher risk of pneumonia with use of beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and lipophilic ACE inhibitors. These results are consistent with possible differences in noncardiovascular outcomes among users of antihypertensives and other commonly used cardiovascular drugs but require confirmation in other populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Antihypertensive medications and risk of community-acquired pneumonia

Mukamal

Ghimire

Pandey

et al. 2010

Journal of Hypertension

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“…The pathophysiology might be attributable to fluid-filled alveoli in CHF that reduced oxygenation and organism clearance by interfering with macrophage function. 32,33 VAP usually results from infection by virulent and multidrug-resistant organisms, leading to adverse sequelae such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, and sepsis. 34 Based on clinicopathology, the primary cause of death in children with pneumonia is sepsis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congestive heart failure in children with pneumonia and respiratory failure

Nimdet

Techakehakij

2016

Pediatrics International

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“…The higher costs, particularly for CHF and even for COPD may be explained by the clinical evidence which suggests that the pre-existing condition has a detrimental effect on pneumonia prognosis [10,21], but there is also evidence that pneumonia contributes to an exacerbation of the original condition [9,22]. These estimates can be used to better understand the cost of preventing a case of CAP, which would clearly be higher among patients with CHF than if prevention was driven only by the risks of being diagnosed with pneumonia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comorbidities as a driver of the excess costs of community-acquired pneumonia in U.S. commercially-insured working age adults

Polsky

Bonafede

Suaya

2012

BMC Health Serv Res

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BackgroundAdults with certain comorbid conditions have a higher risk of pneumonia than the overall population. If treatment of pneumonia is more costly in certain predictable situations, this would affect the value proposition of populations for pneumonia prevention. We estimate the economic impact of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) for adults with asthma, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and congestive heart failure (CHF) in a large U.S. commercially-insured working age population.MethodsData sources consisted of 2003 through 2007 Thomson Reuters MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters and Thomson Reuters Health Productivity and Management (HPM) databases. Pneumonia episodes and selected comorbidities were identified by ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes. By propensity score matching, controls were identified for pneumonia patients. Excess direct medical costs and excess productivity cost were estimated by generalized linear models (GLM).ResultsWe identified 402,831 patients with CAP between 2003 through 2007, with 25,560, 32,677, 16,343, and 5,062 episodes occurring in patients with asthma, diabetes, COPD and CHF, respectively. Mean excess costs (and standard error, SE) of CAP were $14,429 (SE=44) overall. Mean excess costs by comorbidity subgroup were lowest for asthma ($13,307 (SE=123)), followed by diabetes ($21,395 (SE=171)) and COPD ($23,493 (SE=197)); mean excess costs were highest for patients with CHF ($34,436 (SE=549)). On average, indirect costs comprised 21% of total excess costs, ranging from 8% for CHF patients to 27% for COPD patients.ConclusionsCompared to patients without asthma, diabetes, COPD, or CHF, the excess cost of CAP is nearly twice as high for patients with diabetes and COPD and nearly three times as high for patients with CHF. Indirect costs made up a significant but varying portion of excess CAP costs. Returns on prevention of pneumonia would therefore be higher in adults with these comorbidities.

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The Impact of Pre-existing Heart Failure on Pneumonia Prognosis: Population-based Cohort Study

Cited by 52 publications

References 34 publications

Antihypertensive medications and risk of community-acquired pneumonia

Antihypertensive medications and risk of community-acquired pneumonia

Congestive heart failure in children with pneumonia and respiratory failure

Comorbidities as a driver of the excess costs of community-acquired pneumonia in U.S. commercially-insured working age adults

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