The impact of polystyrene consumption by edible insects Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas morio on their nutritional value, cytotoxicity, and oxidative stress parameters

Zielińska, Ewelina; Zieliński, Damian; Jakubczyk, Anna; Karaś, Monika; Pankiewicz, Urszula; Flasz, Barbara; Dziewięcka, Marta; Lewicki, Sławomir

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128846

Cited by 28 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…However, weight was determined only in larvae and in found dead individuals. For this reason, it was not possible to compare the results with other authors [16,17,[31][32][33][34], who have currently focused mainly on the biodegradation of plastics in various insect species. The studies [35] on waste biodegradation by Tenebrio molitor) described the weight loss of groups of larvae in individual types of plastics after 21 days from −15% to −19%.…”

Section: Influence Of Feed On Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Polystyrene (PS), having the molecular formula [-CH (C 6 H 5 ) CH 2 -]n-where, although the nutritional value can generally be considered to be equal to zero, it was demonstrated to be otherwise by Yang et al [16] after CO 2 mineralization has been incorporated into lipids to contribute to the energy needs of mealworms. However, this is not a sufficient source of energy for the larvae [17].…”

Section: Feedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of polystyrene foam as feed was also addressed by Zieli ńska et al [17], which gives a protein content of (51.93 ± 0.98)% for Styrofoam and (37.06 ± 0.92)% for conventional feed at a conversion factor of 4.76. If a coefficient of 6.25 were applied, the values would be in accordance with the measured values (68.19% and 48.66%).…”

Section: Influence Of Feed On Crude Protein and Fat Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to conventional feeds, the ability of Tenebrio molitor to biodegrade polystyrene has been identified and demonstrated [16,17] by Exiguobacterium sp. strain YT2, which live in their digestive tract [17,18]. This demonstrates the ability to use insects to biodegrade plastic waste and increase the sustainability of current environmental levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feed Parameters Influencing the Breeding of Mealworms (Tenebrio molitor)

et al. 2021

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With the growing public interest in edible insects, breeders are forced to increase the volume of production and shorten the life cycle of farmed insects. The exact composition of the feed is the know-how of each manufacturer. The aim of this work was to determine the general impact of individual conventional types of feed (bran, whey, raw ware potatoes) on the life cycle rate of Tenebrio molitor (TM), larval mortality and the content of fats, fatty acids and nitrogenous substances in larvae and their excrements. For the reasons of sustainability of the state of nature and waste disposal, polystyrene foam was added to the experiment as feed. The experiment was performed in two phases—rearing for 21 weeks and 5 weeks. The nitrogen content was determined using the Kjeldahl method (ISO 1871: 2009), the fat content by the Soxhlet method and the fatty acid profile using a gas chromatograph with a flame ionization detector (FID). The results of the work show that the basis of the TM feed is wheat bran, not only due to the observed low larval mortality (45% over 21 weeks) and their optimal nutritional value (nitrogenous substances 53.6% DM, fat 37.1% DM, the highest total fatty acid content) but also due to the higher speed of TM development. Lower larval mortality during rearing was found when feeding dried whey and raw ware potatoes, but the development cycle rate was low. This confirmed that the bran as a feed allowed a fast life cycle with good larval nutritional parameters. From a nutritional and reproductive point of view, TM appeared to be a suitable alternative to animal production. Polystyrene as a feed, tested for biodegradation by TM larvae, caused the highest larval mortality (75% in 21 weeks). However, the content of nitrogenous substances in the larvae increased to 69.77%, in the excrement, it even increased to 82.68%, and there was no cannibalism among the larvae. The work thus demonstrated the possibility of biodegradation of polystyrene using TM larvae with an increase in nitrogenous substances in both larvae and excrement.

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Section: Influence Of Feed On Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Feedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Influence Of Feed On Crude Protein and Fat Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feed Parameters Influencing the Breeding of Mealworms (Tenebrio molitor)

et al. 2021

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Intestinal microbiome changes of Ulomoides dermestoides (Chevrolat, 1878) fed with a film based on thermoplastic cassava starch and polylactic acid

Salazar‐Sánchez

Herrera

Flores‐Gallegos

et al. 2022

Environmental Quality Mgmt

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Degradation of polymers by insects is investigated because these materials are source of pollution. The objective of this study was to determine changes in the intestinal microbiome of Coleoptera Ulomoides dermestoides subjected to three polymeric diets based on oats (1), thermoplastic cassava starch (TPS) (2), and an extruded matrix (3) composed of TPS and polylactic acid (PLA). Insects were identified by sequencing of CO1, while gut microflora from insects was identified using DGGE and DNA sequencing. The intestinal microbiota of insects fed diet 1 was composed by Enterobacter sp., Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia sp., and Pantoea vagans, diet 2 by Bacillus maritimus, Enterobacter sp. non-culturable, Enterococcus alcedines, Lactobacillus oeni, Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia sp., while diet 3 by Enterobacter sp., Enterococcus aquimarinus, Enterococcus casseliflavus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia sp., and Lactobacillus oligofermentans indicating that the mixture of renewable sources present in the polymer such as TPS/PLA has a higher rate of degradation and assimilation and more diversity in the intestinal microbiome of insects than in the monopolymeric diets such as 1 and 2, and it was evidenced that diet changes the microbiome of the digestive tract of U. dermestoides which can be used during biodegradation of polymers.

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Radical innovation breakthroughs of biodegradation of plastics by insects: history, present and future perspectives

Yang,

Wu,

Bertocchini

et al. 2024

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

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Insects damaging and penetrating plastic packaged materials has been reported since the 1950s. Radical innovation breakthroughs of plastic biodegradation have been initiated since the discovery of biodegradation of plastics by Tenebrio molitor larvae in 2015 followed by Galleria mellonella in 2017. Here we review updated studies on the insect-mediated biodegradation of plastics. Plastic biodegradation by insect larvae, mainly by some species of darkling beetles (Tenebrionidae) and pyralid moths (Pyralidae) is currently a highly active and potentially transformative area of research. Over the past eight years, publications have increased explosively, including discoveries of the ability of different insect species to biodegrade plastics, biodegradation performance, and the contribution of host and microbiomes, impacts of polymer types and their physic-chemical properties, and responsible enzymes secreted by the host and gut microbes. To date, almost all major plastics including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyurethane (PUR), and polystyrene (PS) can be biodegraded by T. molitor and ten other insect species representing the Tenebrionidae and Pyralidae families. The biodegradation processes are symbiotic reactions or performed by synergistic efforts of both host and gut-microbes to rapidly depolymerize and biodegrade plastics with hourly half-lives. The digestive ezymens and bioreagents screted by the insects play an essential role in plasatic biodegradation in certain species of Tenebrionidae and Pyralidae families. New research on the insect itself, gut microbiomes, transcriptomes, proteomes and metabolomes has evaluated the mechanisms of plastic biodegradation in insects. We conclude this review by discussing future research perspectives on insect-mediated biodegradation of plastics.

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The impact of polystyrene consumption by edible insects Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas morio on their nutritional value, cytotoxicity, and oxidative stress parameters

Cited by 28 publications

References 35 publications

Feed Parameters Influencing the Breeding of Mealworms (Tenebrio molitor)

Feed Parameters Influencing the Breeding of Mealworms (Tenebrio molitor)

Intestinal microbiome changes of Ulomoides dermestoides (Chevrolat, 1878) fed with a film based on thermoplastic cassava starch and polylactic acid

Radical innovation breakthroughs of biodegradation of plastics by insects: history, present and future perspectives

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