The Impact of Playworks on Boys' and Girls' Physical Activity During Recess

Bleeker, Martha; Beyler, Nicholas; James‐Burdumy, Susanne; Fortson, Jane

doi:10.1111/josh.12235

Cited by 22 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…However, these results do contribute to the literature the idea that a structured program may not always be the best practice for each school or school district. These results contradict another study published about a structured PA program that stated the approach was successful in improving girls' PA but not boys' PA …”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…These results indicate that a structured approach may not always be effective in increasing PA. This contradicts another study regarding a structured PA program that found that the program was effective in increasing girls' PA, but not boys' PA . To our knowledge, little past research exists regarding the effects of structured programs on students' PA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Ridgers et al and Cardon et al reported that providing more equipment does not always increase PA. Van Kann et al and Zask et al reported that some, but not all, types of equipment can increase PA. Furthermore, Weaver et al stated that no one variable has the effect of increasing PA, and a combination of best practices is necessary to influence students' PA. Bleeker et al reported that one structured PA program caused a significant increase in girls' PA, but did not significantly influence boys' PA. Clearly, the most effective method of increasing PA for students is yet to be determined.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Evaluation of an Unstructured and Structured Approach to Increasing Recess Physical Activity

Behrens

Holeva-Eklund

Luna

et al. 2019

Journal of School Health

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BACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to evaluate an unstructured and a structured program designed to increase physical activity (PA). The unstructured program increased the amount of equipment during recess, whereas the structured program introduced activities to students. METHODS:PA was observed using the System for Observing Play and Leisure Activity in Youth (SOPLAY) in two school districts in Colorado. Researchers recorded baseline and follow-up observations for sedentary activity, moderate PA, and vigorous PA, as well as for available equipment for the unstructured program. Observations from schools were aggregated for data analyses at the district level. RESULTS:For the program increasing equipment, moderate PA and vigorous PA increased, while sedentary behavior decreased. For the structured program, moderate PA and vigorous PA did not increase, whereas sedentary behaviors increased following the program. CONCLUSIONS:Other variables are likely influencing student PA during recess, such as teachers' interaction with students or the fidelity of the program. Results indicate that funding and implementing a program aimed at increasing PA will not necessarily accomplish that goal, and additional research should be performed to determine the best practice for increasing PA.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Evaluation of an Unstructured and Structured Approach to Increasing Recess Physical Activity

Behrens

Holeva-Eklund

Luna

et al. 2019

Journal of School Health

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“…However, the SB level of boys and girls was similar and the increasing trends were also similar for both genders. A previous study reported that SB was easier for girls to control but this was not the case for boys [56]. The study indicated that if girls and boys had the same SB levels, more attention should be focused on boys since overweight and obese male adults are more likely to suffer poor cardiovascular health compared with their female counterparts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Age, period and cohort effects and the predictors of physical activity and sedentary behaviour among Chinese children, from 2004 to 2011

Wei¹,

Zang

Jia

et al. 2017

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundVery few studies have explored the effects of age, time period, and cohort in association with biological, behavioral, economic, and environmental factors predictors on physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) among Chinese children.MethodsWe used data from a cohort study of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) between 2004 and 2011 (2004, 2006, 2009 and 2011). The outcomes of interest were metabolic equivalent of task (MET) hours per week from both active and sedentary activities. Age, gender, individual characteristics, household size, asset ownership, and urbanisation were included as covariates. Age, period and cohort effects analyses for PA and SB of children (6–17 y, n = 3528) was conducted to explicitly assess differences in PA and SB due to age vs. period effects, and implicitly assess differences by cohorts due to the period-specific experiences across individuals of varying ages.ResultsThe mean age of the sample in each time point fluctuated from 12.6 to 11.3 years and PA slightly decreased from 50.0 ± 63.2 MET hours per week (MET-hr./wk) in 2004 to 47.1 ± 54.9 MET-hr./wk. in 2011. However, SB increased from 31.8 ± 22.0 MET-hr./wk. to 37.6 ± 22.2 MET-hr./wk. Girls had lower PA and higher SB levels than boys. Controlling for age effects, marginal period effects on PA were observed in some survey years. Higher levels of urbanisation and number of household computers served as negative and positive predictors for PA and SB, respectively. Higher household income was a positive predictor of SB. Surprisingly, bigger household size was the only negative predictor of SB (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThis longitudinal study followed a large cohort of children over a significant period of their childhood. We observed potential age and secular trends in PA levels. Higher community urbanisation and number of home computers were associated with both PA and SB levels. Larger household size was the only factor that was negatively associated with SB. These findings shed light on health policy and preventative health strategies for China and other countries that are now facing similar public health challenges.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4215-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…These changes should result in positive increases in GRF-OT items related to boundaries, availability of equipment, games, and participation in active play. Results from previous randomized controlled trials have shown higher levels of physical activity for girls [8] and minority students [9]. The Playworks program also provides student leadership opportunities through a Junior Coach leadership program where students are recruited and trained to become leaders amongst their peers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of the Responsiveness of the Great Recess Framework—Observational Tool

Massey

Stellino

Hayden

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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The purpose of this study was to test the responsiveness of the great recess framework-observational tool (GRF-OT) to detect changes in recess quality. GRF-OT data were collected at two time points (fall 2017 and spring 2018) in four geographically distinct regions of the United States. Following recommendations by , a three-day average of recess observations was used for each data point. Data analysis was conducted on nine schools contracted to receive services from Playworks, a national non-profit organization specializing in recess implementation, for the first time; eight schools with returning Playworks services (i.e., multiple years of service) and five schools with no intervention services. Analysis of the change in GRF-OT scores from fall to spring revealed a large effect for first-year intervention schools (g = 1.19; 95% CI 0.13, 2.25) and multi-year intervention schools (g = 0.788; 95% CI −0.204, 1.78). GRF-OT scores decreased for schools not receiving an intervention (g = −0.562; 95% CI, −2.20, 1.07). New intervention schools (odds ratio= 21.59; 95% CI 4.27, 109.15) and multi-year intervention schools (odds ratio= 7.34; 95% CI 1.50, 35.97) were more likely to meet the threshold for meaningful positive change than non-intervention schools. The results of the current study suggest that GRF-OT is a responsive tool that researchers, practitioners, and policy makers can use to measure and assess changes in the quality of the recess environment.

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The Impact of Playworks on Boys' and Girls' Physical Activity During Recess

Abstract: The current findings suggest that Playworks had a significant impact on some measures of girls' physical activity, but no significant impact on measures of boys' physical activity.

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

An Evaluation of an Unstructured and Structured Approach to Increasing Recess Physical Activity

An Evaluation of an Unstructured and Structured Approach to Increasing Recess Physical Activity

Age, period and cohort effects and the predictors of physical activity and sedentary behaviour among Chinese children, from 2004 to 2011

Examination of the Responsiveness of the Great Recess Framework—Observational Tool

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