The impact of plant size and location on profitability of biogas plants in Germany under consideration of processing digestates

Effects of changes in Italian bioenergy promotion schemes for agricultural biogas projects: Insights from a regional optimization model

“…The environmental impact from transportation is thus likely to increase and even though the supply distances usually remain below limits for positive energy balances and net environmental benefits identified in the literature (22 km and 64 km for cattle manure, respectively, according to Pöschl et al, 2012), single occurrences or transition phases deserve further investigation. Also areas for digestate spreading increase from 61 km 2 under the PSS to 89 km 2 under the FSS: this is a consequence of the lower energy density of manure as a feedstock, which results in larger input and byproduct quantities, as found also in similar work by Delzeit and Kellner (2013). Compared with feedstock supply, areas for digestate management are smaller, and it is usually easier to respect distance limits for net environmental benefits (e.g., 95 km for cattle manure and 19 km for maize silage according to Pöschl et al, 2012 Authorities should rather concentrate their attention on the origin of substrates feeding prospective plants.…”

“…policy conditions for biogas generation. They also used their framework to evaluate the impact of different digestate processing options (Delzeit and Kellner, 2013). …”

“…Amounts of digestate and of nitrates are calculated through coefficients d t and N t , respectively, which vary depending on feedstock types and are reported in Table 4. For digestate management, several treatment options could be considered and included in system models (see Delzeit and Kellner, 2013). Within the boundaries of the examined system, only conventional digestate disposal practices are considered, i.e., storage in tanks and application of untreated digestate on agricultural land, and corresponding nitrogen content.…”

Biomethane as transport fuel – A comparison with other biogas utilization pathways in northern Italy

“…A spatially explicit simulation framework was introduced by [35], including a linear programming model for transport cost minimization and the iterative determination of the locations and substrate types that give maximum return on investment under German energy policy conditions for biogas generation. This framework was also used to evaluate the impact of different digestate processing options [36]. The German support scheme was also studied by [37], who couple an agent-based simulation model for investment decisions with GIS data to estimate additional economic capacity potential for selected German regions.…”

Nutrient recovery technologies for anaerobic digestion systems: An overview

“…Although digestate direct land application is widely applied, the large amount of digestate produced in intensive livestock regions can led to nutrient surplus problems [40][41][42]. Additionally, the large amount of water (>80%) in digestates will increase transport expenses and difficult its utilization.…”