The impact of parameters of traffic flows of Lviv street-road network on the level of environmental and economic losses

Kachmar, Roman; Lanets, Olena

doi:10.23939/tt2020.01.083

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…When analyzing the impact of road transport on the environment, primary attention is paid to the composition of engine exhaust gases and their effects on the environment. Based on previous research, the method [21] for determining environmental and economic losses from changes in traffic flows indicators from emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere has been improved [22]. Moreover, the method allows taking into account the negative impact of toxic exhaust emissions from car engines on three groups of participants [22]: the first group -drivers and passengers of vehicles, the second group is pedestrians moving parallel to traffic flows and the third -residents of adjacent areas.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex assessment of road transport hazards

Kachmar¹

2022

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In this paper, it is proposed to carry out the assessment of road transport hazards using the minimization of the negative impact by three main components: impact of changes in emissions of toxic elements of pollutants from the exhaust gases of car engines, change of noise pollution of the environment and change of the number of accidents. The method of determination of equivalent losses which will be as a result of the release of a conventional ton of toxic components of pollutants from the exhaust gases of car engines and the impact of noise pollution of the environment on three groups of components – drivers and passengers, pedestrians and residents of adjacent territories is justified. Special attention is paid to determining equivalent losses due to traffic accidents with injured or dead. For example, a study to determine the change in environmental hazards of road transport for the section of Lubinska Str. in Lviv, depending on the main indicator of traffic flow - the speed of traffic was carried out. It is established that for the speed of 25 km/h the minimum environmental damage will be 1093 thousand UAH per year, and the minimum total hazards of road transport, taking into account the possibility of an accident at 12 km/h will be 1239 thousand UAH per year. With the help of the obtained model, it is possible to determine the amount of hazards from road transport, which allows taking into account environmental, social and economic components when studying the levels of the negative impact of transport on the environment and ensuring minimum accident rates on the studied section of the road network. Conducting preliminary theoretical research to find rational solutions when applying schemes to improve traffic organization will be especially useful.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex assessment of road transport hazards

Kachmar¹

2022

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“…The question of risk assessment and management related to the transportation of dangerous goods is one of the modern relevant topics of scientific research even at the European level [1]. Dangerous goods transportation relates to risky activities because the consequences of emergency situations occurrence are unpredictable.…”

Section: Analysis Of Research Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Risks related to ecological pollution were investigated in this article [1]. On the basis of the results obtained, practical recommendations were developed for cities for prohibition of private transport movement on sections of city streets and reduction of the average age of vehicles to an acceptable European level.…”

Section: Analysis Of Research Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the obtained distributions that describe the distributions of real data, the probability of obtaining such a value of the SI indicator (P(SI)) can be determined, which corresponds to the state of nervous and emotional overstress. Taking into account the fact that the values of drivers` SI are described by a normal distribution, this probability can be determined by z-standardization using the following formula: (1) where х is the value according to which the appropriate probability is calculated; µ is the average value; and σ is the average deviation.…”

Section: Regularities Of Changes In the Driver`s Functional State In Different Traffic Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Assessment During the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Considering the Functional State of the Driver

et al. 2021

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Increase in motorization and densification of populations in cities have led to the use of more resources both for the construction of different objects and for the service and operation of automotive vehicles. As a result, volumes of freight transportation, which are related to the construction and servicing of these objects, increase. New scientifically applied tasks that are related to the safety of freight transportation have emerged. Special attention is being paid to those that are related to dangerous tasks. It is obvious that traffic safety and the quality of the transportation process significantly depend on the behaviors and actions of the driver. The driver, as it is known, is the main chain of the "driver-automobile-road-environment" (DARE) system. With improvements in the technical and operational parameters of vehicles and road characteristics, the study of the functional state (FS) of the driver and the reliability of his skills become more important every time. The specific importance of this becomes clear when drivers operate vehicles that transport dangerous goods. Therefore, research on the interaction of chains of the DARE system (using improved existing and developed methods by the authors) is carried out in this paper, taking into account the indicators of drivers' FS in different situations (stress index, which consists in evaluation of the heart and brain operations). The results obtained provide an opportunity to predict their behavior in different road situations and, as a consequence, to determine possible risks during the transportation of dangerous goods. The authors improved the methodology of determining the levels of possible risks of accidents and assessment of their consequences, taking into account the peculiarities of transportation routes, traffic conditions, and psychophysiological indicators of the driver`s body during the transportation of dangerous goods within settlements and on the roads between them.

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“…Nowadays, a large number of leading European countries whether limit the usage with classic internal combustion engines (especially diesels) or totally refuse from the usage of such cars in favor of ecological transport operation -electric car [1][2][3]. However, some emphasize that the growth of energy consumption will cause new problems [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features of operation of the Tesla Model S90D electric car in the conditions of the cities of Ukraine

Kachmar¹

2021

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Tendencies of sustainable development of transport, the use of alternative energy sources, and requirements to the reduction of the carbon footprint on all stages of life cycle on all levels of road transport have led to the increase of the share of the electric car both at the first registration and used vehicles. The appearance of a large amount of used modern electric cars on the market caused the necessity to develop the procedures of provision their technical operation both by requirements of rational use and provision of traffic safety. Research of the use of electric car Tesla Model S90D in conditions of Ukraine is carried out with certain indicators of environment and with different settings of car parameters. This provides an opportunity to understand how much the given model of the electric car is appropriate in exploitation in different conditions and also to determine which parameters of electric car settings fit the economic usage in different conditions and different seasons most of all. By results of road research on the change of accumulator battery capacity depending on the temperature of the environment, we established that the capacity reduces by 1% with every degree of negative temperature. A comfortable range of temperatures is determined for the use of accumulator battery of car (from 0 to 20 °С) is determined. By results of the research, the indicators of the effectiveness of the use of electric car battery power saving mode are determined – the reduction of the consumption is from 14 to 29 % depending on energy consumers. The significant impact of the pressure values in electric car tires on the energy consumption is established independently from turning on the energy consumers – the increase is from 10% to 40% depending on its speed of movement. Additionally, the determination of the indicators of electric car energy effectiveness for the speed of 140-150 km/h is carried out by which the energy use is 550-670 W h/km and provides the driving distance on the level of 160 km.

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The impact of parameters of traffic flows of Lviv street-road network on the level of environmental and economic losses

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Complex assessment of road transport hazards

Complex assessment of road transport hazards

Risk Assessment During the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Considering the Functional State of the Driver

Features of operation of the Tesla Model S90D electric car in the conditions of the cities of Ukraine

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