The Impact of Overt and Subclinical Hyperthyroidism on Skeletal Muscle

Brennan, Michael; Powell, Claudia; Kaufman, Kenton R.; Sun, Pi-Chang; Bahn, Rebecca S.; Nair, K. Sreekumaran

doi:10.1089/thy.2006.16.375

Cited by 142 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Miyakawa et al pointed out that hyperthyroidism in men mainly causes loss of body fat [21]. Thyroid hormones, together with growth hormone, catecholamines, glucagon, insulin, and others, regulate the metabolism of muscular cells [22][23][24]. Hyperthyroidism increases protein turnover leading to the loss of muscle mass [25], accelerates thermogenesis, and induces gluconeogenesis and lipolysis [25][26][27][28] by metabolising amino acids from muscles and free fatty acids from adipose tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zmiany w składzie tkankowym obserwowane w trakcie terapii ciężkich zaburzeń funkcji tarczycy

Stangierski

Ruchała

Krauze

et al. 2015

Endokrynologia Polska

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Introduction: Hyper-and hypothyroidism are accompanied by altered metabolic rate, thermogenesis, and body weight. The aim of this study was to estimate the relation between treatment-induced changes in thyroid function, and the accompanying body composition in patients with either severe hypo-or hyperthyroidism. Material and methods: Body composition analysis and hormonal assessment were measured at the initial diagnosis of thyroid disorder, after three-month treatment, and finally after complete recovery from hyperthyroidism (n = 18) or hypothyroidism (n = 27). Nonparametric Spearman correlation was used to analyse the relation between thyroid hormones and body composition as well as their respective changes. Results:In hypothyroid patients applied treatment significantly reduced (p < 0.05) total body weight, mainly due to a decrease in fat mass, whereas in hyperthyroid patients it caused a weight gain, with a simultaneous increase in muscle, water and fat mass. Total body weight and fat mass were significantly correlated with thyroid hormones' concentrations in all patients. Changes of fat, water, or muscle mass were strongly correlated with the changes in the patients' hormonal status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zmiany w składzie tkankowym obserwowane w trakcie terapii ciężkich zaburzeń funkcji tarczycy

Stangierski

Ruchała

Krauze

et al. 2015

Endokrynologia Polska

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“…The administration of thyroid hormones (either T 3 and/or T 4 ) to euthyroid obese patients during a hypocaloric diet has been investigated for decades for its ability to enhance weight loss (164). Some studies also tried to establish the optimal dose of thyroid hormones that, while favoring weight loss, would prevent muscle wasting and adverse cardiac effects due to subclinical thyrotoxicosis (165,166,167). In 2009, a meta-analysis of the literature by Kaptein et al (168) estimated the effectiveness and the risks of T 3 and/or T 4 therapy in obese patients.…”

Section: Thyroid Hormone As a Potential Treatment For Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: The crosstalk between thyroid gland and adipose tissue: signal integration in health and disease

Santini

Marzullo

Rotondi

et al. 2014

European Journal of Endocrinology

199

195

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Obesity and thyroid diseases are common disorders in the general population and they frequently occur in single individuals. Alongside a chance association, a direct relationship between 'thyroid and obesity' has been hypothesized. Thyroid hormone is an important determinant of energy expenditure and contributes to appetite regulation, while hormones and cytokines from the adipose tissue act on the CNS to inform on the quantity of energy stores. A continuous interaction between the thyroid hormone and regulatory mechanisms localized in adipose tissue and brain is important for human body weight control and maintenance of optimal energy balance. Whether obesity has a pathogenic role in thyroid disease remains largely a matter of investigation. This review highlights the complexity in the identification of thyroid hormone deficiency in obese patients. Regardless of the importance of treating subclinical and overt hypothyroidism, at present there is no evidence to recommend pharmacological correction of the isolated hyperthyrotropinemia often encountered in obese patients. While thyroid hormones are not indicated as anti-obesity drugs, preclinical studies suggest that thyromimetic drugs, by targeting selected receptors, might be useful in the treatment of obesity and dyslipidemia.

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“…Thus, skeletal muscle is one of the major target organs of thyroid hormones; thyrotoxicosis consequently leads to myopathy as well as decreased muscle mass and strength [1,3]. In multiple studies, 50 to 62 percent of patients gave a history of muscle weakness, 52 to 68 percent had objective Abbreviations: DHI = Duruöz Hand Index, PGT = grooved pegboard test, SD = standard deviation, T3 = tri-iodothyronine, T4 = thyroxine, TSH = thyroid stimulating hormone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of hyperthyroidism on hand grip strength and function

İnal

Çarlı²,

Çanak

et al. 2015

J Rehabil Res Dev

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Abstract-Hyperthyroidism is a pathologic condition in which the body is exposed to excessive amounts of circulating thyroid hormones. Skeletal muscle is one of the major target organs of thyroid hormones. We evaluated hand grip strength and function in patients with overt hyperthyroidism. Fifty-one patients newly diagnosed with hyperthyroidism and 44 healthy controls participated in this study. Age, height, weight, and dominant hand of all participants were recorded. The diagnosis of hyperthyroidism was confirmed by clinical examination and laboratory tests. Hand grip strength was tested at the dominant hand with a Jamar hand dynamometer. The grooved pegboard test (PGT) was used to evaluate hand dexterity. The Duruöz Hand Index (DHI) was used to assess hand function. No significant differences were found in terms of clinical and demographic findings between the patients with hyperthyroidism and healthy controls (p > 0.05). Significant differences were found between the patients with hyperthyroidism and healthy controls regarding PGT and DHI scores (p < 0.05). Hyperthyroidism seemed to affect hand dexterity and function more than hand grip strength and seemed to be associated with reduced physical function more than muscle strength. This may also indicate that patients with hyperthyroidism should be evaluated by multidisciplinary modalities.

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The Impact of Overt and Subclinical Hyperthyroidism on Skeletal Muscle

Cited by 142 publications

References 28 publications

Zmiany w składzie tkankowym obserwowane w trakcie terapii ciężkich zaburzeń funkcji tarczycy

Zmiany w składzie tkankowym obserwowane w trakcie terapii ciężkich zaburzeń funkcji tarczycy

MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: The crosstalk between thyroid gland and adipose tissue: signal integration in health and disease

Effects of hyperthyroidism on hand grip strength and function

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