The Impact of Outdoor in Nature Mindfulness on the Mental Well-being of Children and Adolescents. A Mental Health and Cross-cultural Approach

Abstract

Background: Mindfulness, originating from ancient meditation practices, has garnered substantial scientific interest in recent decades due to its potential to enhance various aspects of well-being. The rise of scientific interest in mindfulness has led to the development of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and other mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), which have demonstrated positive effects on stress reduction, emotional regulation, and cognitive flexibility. Objective: This study aimed to explore the characteristics and applications of mindfulness, investigate its impact on mental health, and assess the potential benefits of combining mindfulness with nature-based interventions in promoting the well-being of children and adolescents. Methods: This review draws from existing literature, scholarly articles, and empirical studies related to mindfulness, nature exposure, and their effects on mental health. Results: The results highlight the manifold benefits of mindfulness in different populations, including health professionals, patients, children, adolescents, and the general public. Mindfulness practice has been associated with notable reductions in stress, anxiety, and depression, and has shown positive effects on brain plasticity and cognitive functioning. Furthermore, the integration of mindfulness with exposure to natural environments holds potential for enhanced stress reduction and cognitive restoration. Conclusion: The findings underscore the potential of mindfulness as a cost-effective and accessible intervention to promote mental health across diverse age groups and settings. Further research should explore the specific mechanisms and long-term effects of this integrated approach to optimize its benefits.