The Impact of Oklahoma's Winter Wheat Belt on the Mesoscale Environment

McPherson, Renee A.; Stensrud, David J.; Crawford, Kenneth

doi:10.1175/1520-0493(2004)132<0405:tiooww>2.0.co;2

Cited by 60 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…These results are consistent with a number of studies that show that agricultural areas are often associated with negative trends in irrigated areas (e.g. Christy et al, 2006;Mahmood et al, 2006;Roy et al, 2007;Lobell and Bonfils, 2008) as well as in rainfed croplands (McPherson et al, 2004).…”

Section: Observation Reanalysis and Omr Trendssupporting

confidence: 92%

Impacts of land use land cover on temperature trends over the continental United States: assessment using the North American Regional Reanalysis

Fall

Niyogi

Gluhovsky

et al. 2009

Intl Journal of Climatology

174

100

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ABSTRACT:We investigate the sensitivity of surface temperature trends to land use land cover change (LULC) over the conterminous United States (CONUS) using the observation minus reanalysis (OMR) approach. We estimated the OMR trends for the 1979-2003 period from the US Historical Climate Network (USHCN), and the NCEP-NCAR North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR). We used a new mean square differences (MSDs)-based assessment for the comparisons between temperature anomalies from observations and interpolated reanalysis data. Trends of monthly mean temperature anomalies show a strong agreement, especially between adjusted USHCN and NARR (r = 0.9 on average) and demonstrate that NARR captures the climate variability at different time scales. OMR trend results suggest that, unlike findings from studies based on the global reanalysis (NCEP/NCAR reanalysis), NARR often has a larger warming trend than adjusted observations (on average, 0.28 and 0.27°C/decade respectively).OMR trends were found to be sensitive to land cover types. We analysed decadal OMR trends as a function of land types using the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and new National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 1992-2001 Retrofit Land Cover Change. The magnitude of OMR trends obtained from the NLDC is larger than the one derived from the 'static' AVHRR. Moreover, land use conversion often results in more warming than cooling.Overall, our results confirm the robustness of the OMR method for detecting non-climatic changes at the station level, evaluating the impacts of adjustments performed on raw observations, and most importantly, providing a quantitative estimate of additional warming trends associated with LULC changes at local and regional scales. As most of the warming trends that we identify can be explained on the basis of LULC changes, we suggest that in addition to considering the greenhouse gases-driven radiative forcings, multi-decadal and longer climate models simulations must further include LULC changes.

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Section: Observation Reanalysis and Omr Trendssupporting

confidence: 92%

Impacts of land use land cover on temperature trends over the continental United States: assessment using the North American Regional Reanalysis

Fall

Niyogi

Gluhovsky

et al. 2009

Intl Journal of Climatology

174

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Land cover and land use boundaries have been shown to dramatically impact atmospheric temperature and humidity in Oklahoma (Avissar and Pielke, 1989;McPherson et al, 2004). Therefore, we investigated whether the unorganized convective events identified in this study show any spatial patterns that are attributable to variations in land cover (Fig.…”

Section: Convective Event Spatial Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 94%

Soil moisture–precipitation coupling: observations from the Oklahoma Mesonet and underlying physical mechanisms

Ford

Rapp

Quiring

et al. 2015

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract.Interactions between soil moisture and the atmosphere are driven by the partitioning of sensible and latent heating, through which soil moisture has been connected to atmospheric modifications that could potentially lead to the initiation of convective precipitation. The majority of previous studies linking the land surface to subsequent precipitation have used atmospheric reanalysis or model data sets. In this study, we link in situ observations of soil moisture from more than 100 stations in Oklahoma to subsequent unorganized afternoon convective precipitation. We use hourly next generation (NEXRAD) radar-derived precipitation to identify convective events, and then compare the location of precipitation initiation to underlying soil moisture anomalies in the morning. Overall we find a statistically significant preference for convective precipitation initiation over drier than normal soils, with over 70 % of events initiating over soil moisture below the long-term median. The significant preference for precipitation initiation over drier than normal soils is in contrast with previous studies using satellite-based precipitation to identify the region of maximum precipitation accumulation. We evaluated 19 convective events occurring near Lamont, Oklahoma, where soundings of the atmospheric profile at 06:00 and 12:00 LST are also available. For these events, soil moisture has strong negative correlations with the level of free convection (LFC), planetary boundary layer (PBL) height, and surface temperature changes between 06:00 and 12:00 LST. We also find strong positive correlations between morning soil moisture and morning-toafternoon changes in convective available potential energy and convective inhibition. In general, the results of this study demonstrate that both positive and negative soil moisture feedbacks are important in this region of the USA.

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“…However, croplands have also replaced more similar native grasslands. For example, McPherson et al (2004) showed that the near-surface climate over the now intensively cultivated winter wheat belt in Oklahoma, USA, is significantly different to that over adjacent grasslands. McPherson et al (2004) identify the differences in phenology between managed croplands and natural grasslands as the determinant of the differences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

JULES-crop: a parametrisation of crops in the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Studies of climate change impacts on the terrestrial biosphere have been completed without recognition of the integrated nature of the biosphere. Improved assessment of the impacts of climate change on food and water security requires the development and use of models not only representing each component but also their interactions. To meet this requirement the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) land surface model has been modified to include a generic parametrisation of annual crops. The new model, JULES-crop, is described and evaluation at global and site levels for the four globally important crops; wheat, soybean, maize and rice. JULES-crop demonstrates skill in simulating the inter-annual variations of yield for maize and soybean at the global and country levels, and for wheat for major spring wheat producing countries. The impact of the new parametrisation, compared to the standard configuration, on the simulation of surface heat fluxes is largely an alteration of the partitioning between latent and sensible heat fluxes during the later part of the growing season. Further evaluation at the site level shows the model captures the seasonality of leaf area index, gross primary production and canopy height better than in the standard JULES. However, this does not lead to an improvement in the simulation of sensible and latent heat fluxes. The performance of JULES-crop from both an Earth system and crop yield model perspective is encouraging. However, more effort is needed to develop the parametrisation of the model for specific applications. Key future model developments identified include the introduction of processes such as irrigation and nitrogen limitation which will enable better representation of the spatial variability in yield.

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The Impact of Oklahoma's Winter Wheat Belt on the Mesoscale Environment

Cited by 60 publications

References 62 publications

Impacts of land use land cover on temperature trends over the continental United States: assessment using the North American Regional Reanalysis

Impacts of land use land cover on temperature trends over the continental United States: assessment using the North American Regional Reanalysis

Soil moisture–precipitation coupling: observations from the Oklahoma Mesonet and underlying physical mechanisms

JULES-crop: a parametrisation of crops in the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator

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