The impact of obesity on COVID-19 complications: a retrospective cohort study

Nakeshbandi, Mohamed; Maini, Rohan; Daniel, Pia; Rosengarten, Sabrina; Parmar, Priyanka; Wilson, Clara; Kim, Julie Minjae; Oommen, Alvin; Mecklenburg, Max; Salvani, Jerome; Joseph, Michael A.; Breitman, Igal

doi:10.1038/s41366-020-0648-x

Cited by 151 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The current study found that severely obese COVID-19 patients had higher odds of experiencing adverse outcomes such as death, ICU admission, needing IMV, and hospitalization. This study supports the evidence from clinical observations from [28,[32][33][34][35] that obesity is associated with increased risk of severe COVID-19, hospital admission, requiring IMV and death and intubation. The nding in our study con rms the association between obesity among patients and adverse effects (SARS-CoV-2 severity, requiring increased attention and intensive care for SARS-CoV-2) found in France [27].The result accords the earlier studies which showed that obesity is associated with the risk of increased hospitalisation, risk of developing adverse complications [36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Obesity as a Predictor for Adverse Outcomes Among COVID-19 Patients: A Meta-Analysis

Das

Samad

Seidu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The 2019 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (COVID-19) is an unexpected pandemic causing mortalities across all ages. However, the severity of its health implications is mostly reported in persons with chronic health conditions with obesity being identified as one of the leading predisposing factors in acquiring the novel virus and developing its adverse complications. This meta-analysis sought to determine the estimated association between obesity and adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients. Methods: We followed the recommended PRISMA guidelines in executing this study. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect for published literature between December 1, 2019, and October 2, 2020. The data for the study were pooled from studies that contained the search terms "Obesity" AND (COVID-19 or 2019-nCoV or Coronavirus or SARS-CoV-2) AND ("ICU admission" OR "Hospitalization" OR "Disease severity" OR "Invasive mechanical ventilator" OR "Death" OR "Mortality"). All the online searches were supplemented by reference screening of retrieved studies for additional literature. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) from the retrieved studies were calculated using the random effect model (Inverse-Variance method). Findings: A total of five (5) studies with a combined sample size of 335,192 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled OR from the final analysis showed that patients who are severely obese were more likely to experience adverse outcome (death or ICU admission or needing IMV or hospitalization) compared to the normal patients [OR = 2.81, 95% CI = 2.33 – 3.40, I2 = 29%].Conclusion: Severe obesity is a risk factor in developing adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients. The finding of the study signifies promotive, preventive, and curative attention to be accorded patients diagnosed with severe obesity and COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Obesity as a Predictor for Adverse Outcomes Among COVID-19 Patients: A Meta-Analysis

Das

Samad

Seidu

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Obesity as a predictor for adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis

Das

Samad

Seidu

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThis meta-analysis sought to determine the estimated association between obesity and adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients.MethodsWe followed the recommended PRISMA guidelines. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect for published literature between December 1, 2019, and October 2, 2020. The data for the study were pooled from studies that contained the search terms “Obesity” AND (COVID-19 or 2019-nCoV or Coronavirus or SARS-CoV-2) AND (“ICU admission” OR “Hospitalization” OR “Disease severity” OR “Invasive mechanical ventilator” OR “Death” OR “Mortality”). All the online searches were supplemented by reference screening of retrieved studies for additional literature. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) from the retrieved studies were calculated using the random effect model (Inverse-Variance method).FindingsFive studies with a combined sample size of 335,192 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled OR from the final analysis showed that patients who are severely obese were more likely to experience adverse outcome (death or ICU admission or needing IMV or hospitalization) compared to the normal patients [OR = 2.81, 95% CI = 2.33 – 3.40, I2 = 29%].ConclusionSevere obesity is a risk factor in developing adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients. The finding of the study signifies promotive, preventive, and curative attention to be accorded patients diagnosed with severe obesity and COVID-19.

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“…Similarly, increased risk for hypertension (OR 2.4 95% CI 1.5–3.8) and cardiovascular disease (OR 3.4 95% CI 1.9–6.2) were observed in meta-analyses of 7 studies ( 117 ). Other related risk factors include: gender (male) ( 118 , 119 ), age (older) ( 120 ) and ethnicity ( 121 ). However, women with polycystic ovarian syndrome may be a sub-population at-risk of COVID-19, due to their increased risk for cardiometabolic comorbidities ( 122 ).…”

Section: Could Uv Light Have Harmful or Beneficial Effects On Covid-1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Potential for Ultraviolet Light to Modulate Morbidity and Mortality From COVID-19: A Narrative Review and Update

Gorman

Weller

2020

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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During the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease of 2019) pandemic, researchers have been seeking low-cost and accessible means of providing protection from its harms, particularly for at-risk individuals such as those with cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity. One possible way is via safe sun exposure, and/or dietary supplementation with induced beneficial mediators (e.g., vitamin D). In this narrative review, we provide rationale and updated evidence on the potential benefits and harms of sun exposure and ultraviolet (UV) light that may impact COVID-19. We review recent studies that provide new evidence for any benefits (or otherwise) of UV light, sun exposure, and the induced mediators, vitamin D and nitric oxide, and their potential to modulate morbidity and mortality induced by infection with SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus-2). We identified substantial interest in this research area, with many commentaries and reviews already published; however, most of these have focused on vitamin D, with less consideration of UV light (or sun exposure) or other mediators such as nitric oxide. Data collected to-date suggest that ambient levels of both UVA and UVB may be beneficial for reducing severity or mortality due to COVID-19, with some inconsistent findings. Currently unresolved are the nature of the associations between blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D and COVID-19 measures, with more prospective data needed that better consider lifestyle factors, such as physical activity and personal sun exposure levels. Another short-coming has been a lack of measurement of sun exposure, and its potential to influence COVID-19 outcomes. We also discuss possible mechanisms by which sun exposure, UV light and induced mediators could affect COVID-19 morbidity and mortality, by focusing on likely effects on viral pathogenesis, immunity and inflammation, and potential cardiometabolic protective mechanisms. Finally, we explore potential issues including the impacts of exposure to high dose UV radiation on COVID-19 and vaccination, and effective and safe doses for vitamin D supplementation.

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The impact of obesity on COVID-19 complications: a retrospective cohort study

Cited by 151 publications

References 12 publications

Obesity as a Predictor for Adverse Outcomes Among COVID-19 Patients: A Meta-Analysis

Obesity as a Predictor for Adverse Outcomes Among COVID-19 Patients: A Meta-Analysis

Obesity as a predictor for adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis

Investigating the Potential for Ultraviolet Light to Modulate Morbidity and Mortality From COVID-19: A Narrative Review and Update

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