The impact of novel labels on visual processing during infancy

Mather, Emily; Schafer, Graham; Houston‐Price, Carmel

doi:10.1348/2044-835x.002008

Cited by 15 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…A confluence of ongoing organismic–environmental interactions between term infants’ age and attention, maternal naming frequency, and synchrony use contributed to this longitudinal shift when familiarization length was held constant (Gogate & Maganti, ; also Hunter & Ames, ; Lavoie & Desrochers, ). The shift is consistent with prior findings where the same familiarization length yielded a preference for the familiar stimulus‐event in younger infants, but the novel in older infants in the second year (Houston‐Price & Nakai, ; Mather et al, ). The novelty preference was in part due to greater attention by age on the test (also Mather et al, ); more efficient attentional mechanisms caused the term infants at visit 2 to shift their attention to the novel word–object relations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Maternal object naming is less adapted to preterm infants’ than to term infants’ word mapping

Gogate

2019

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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Background Term infants learn word–object relations in their first year during multisensory interactions with caregivers. Although preterm infants often experience language delays, little is known about how caregivers contribute to their early word–object learning. The present longitudinal study compared maternal naming and word learning in these infant groups. Methods Forty moderately preterm and 40 term infants participated at 6–9 and 12 months with their mothers. At each visit, mothers named two novel objects during play, and infants’ learning was assessed using dynamic displays of the familiar and novel (mismatched) word–object relations. Infants’ general cognitive, language, and motoric abilities were evaluated. Maternal multisensory naming was coded for synchrony between the target words and object motions and other naming styles. Results During play, although overall maternal naming‐style was similar across infant groups within visits, naming frequency increased to term but not preterm infants, from visit 1 to 2. On the test at visit 1, although the term infants’ looked equally to novel and familiar word–object relations, their looking to the novel relations correlated positively with maternal synchrony use but inversely with naming frequency. At visit 2, term infants looked longer to the novel relations. In contrast, preterm infants showed no looking preference at either visit. Neither was their word–object learning correlated with maternal naming. Their cognition, language, and motor scores were attenuated when compared to term infants on the Bayley‐III but not their MCDI vocabulary. Conclusions Less adaptive maternal naming and delayed word mapping in moderately preterm infants underscore a critical need for multisensory language intervention prior to first‐word onset to alleviate its cascading effects on later language.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Maternal object naming is less adapted to preterm infants’ than to term infants’ word mapping

Gogate

2019

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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“…To answer these two questions, a modified version of the paradigms introduced by Springer and Prinz (2010) and Nation et al (2003) was used, and action prediction was measured via anticipatory eye movements. While some studies found no interfering effects in toddlers aged over 1 year (Robinson & Sloutsky, 2007;Sloutsky & Robinson, 2008), others found that interference could still occur (Mather, Schafer, & Houston-Price, 2011). In Experiment 1, early and late actions (defined according to the AoA of the action labels, Szagun et al, 2009), as well as novel actions, were labeled with a familiar or novel label and compared to a baseline condition where no specific label was presented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Productive Verbs Facilitate Action Prediction in Toddlers

Gampe

Daum

2014

Infancy

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Children can represent events in our everyday life in both non‐linguistic and linguistic formats. We aimed to investigate whether non‐linguistic representations are changed once children acquire their linguistic counterparts. In the present study, we explored whether and how language changes the perception of simple means‐end actions using an eye‐tracking paradigm. Children between 12 and 24 months of age heard a sentence containing a verb and subsequently watched an action video. Results show an interfering influence of language on action perception at 12 months and a facilitating influence at 24 months. However, this was only the case for verbs that are already in the toddlers' productive vocabulary but not for those that are acquired later. Taken together, the results suggest that a communication between non‐linguistic and linguistic representations starts early and develops in the second year of life. The successful facilitatory influence depends on the productive repertoire of the language in question.

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“…First, the images in the NOUN Database depict multi-part, multi-colored, real threedimensional (3D) objects as opposed to simple geometric shape configurations (e.g., L. B. Smith & Yu, 2008;Wu, Gopnik, Richardson, & Kirkham, 2011) or seemingly animate objects (e.g., Gauthier & Tarr, 1997;Mather, Schafer, & Houston-Price, 2011;Rakison & Poulin-Dubois, 2002). As such, these stimuli are ideal for researchers who need images of naturalistic, complex novel objects to present against images of real 3D objects that are already familiar to participants (e.g., familiar distractors or known competitors).…”

Section: Why Use the Noun Database?mentioning

confidence: 99%