The Impact of Meteorological Parameters and Seasonal Changes on Reporting Patients with Selected Cardiovascular Diseases to Hospital Emergency Departments: A Pilot Study

Abstract

(1) Background: So far, research results have confirmed the relationship between heat and cold stress, the fluctuations in atmospheric pressure and high relative humidity, and the vulnerability of patients with so-called “weather-dependent” diseases which could lead to death. This study aimed to determine the meteorological parameters, their interactions, and the seasonal changes of the most significant factors in predicting the number of patients reporting to the Emergency Departments (EDs) in Poznań (Poland) during 2019. (2) Methods: The analysis included the meteorological parameters and data of 3606 patients diagnosed with essential or complicated arterial hypertension, myocardial infarction, chronic ischemic heart disease, and ischemic or unspecified stroke by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). The meteorological data (days per week and seasonal data) were used to build a linear regression model to assess the changes in the daily number of reporting patients. The input data for the final model were selected based on the principal component analysis (PCA), and built for each delay and acceleration (reporting up to 3 days before the change or up to 3 days after the change of the meteorological parameter). (3) Results: A significantly lower number of reports was observed during weekends compared to working days (standardised b = −0.254, p-value < 0.0001) and three days before the maximum daily air temperature in the spring and summer period (standardised b = −0.748, p-value < 0.0001), while two days after the increase in the daily amplitude of atmospheric pressure (standardised b = 0.116, p-value = 0.0267), and also on the day of occurrence of the unfavourable interdiurnal air temperature change, an increase in the number of patients was noted (standardised b = 0.115, p-value = 0.0186). The changes in the last two parameters were statistically insignificant. Based on the obtained results, the negative impact of the changes in the meteorological conditions on the number of reports to the EDs in Poznań was determined.

Time Series Analysis of the Impact of Meteorological Conditions and Air Quality on the Number of Medical Visits for Hypertension in Haikou City, China

“…Scholars in China and around the world have used techniques such as correlation analysis, time series methods, and case crossover methods to study the relationships among meteorological conditions, air quality, and the onset of hypertension. It has been shown that meteorological conditions and air quality are important factors that induce the occurrence and development of CVDs such as hypertension, and the impact on the disease is long-term and extensive [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The 24, 48, and 72 h cold waves all had effects on the hospital admissions for hypertension on single-lag 5 d, and the effects of the 24 and 48 h cold wave were stronger (OR = 1.218, 95% CI: 1.072-1.385) in Jinchang, Gansu Province [14].…”

Are Complete Blood Count Parameters Associated with Climate and Environmental Factors? A Retrospective Study in the General Population of Fokis, Greece (Athens, 2023)

“…Recently, CBC-derived ratios, such as the NLR (neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) and PLR (platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio) have been proposed as useful alternative inflammatory biomarkers which can be potentially used for the diagnostic and prognostic assessment of various medical conditions such as cardiovascular, neurological, autoimmune, neoplastic and psychiatric diseases [8][9][10][11][12][13]. The effects of meteorological parameters on human health is widely studied, but mostly with regard to specific pathological conditions, such as seasonal infections [14], cardiovascular diseases [15,16], autoimmune diseases [17,18], neurological diseases [19,20] and mental disorders [21,22], allergies [23,24] and dermatitis [25,26]. There are quite a few studies which aim to determine the association between meteorological parameters and inflammation as the baseline of most pathologies [27,28].…”