The Impact of Localization and Barn Type on Insolation of Sidewall Stalls During Summer

Angrecka, Sabina; Herbut, Piotr; Nawalany, Grzegorz; Sokołowski, Paweł

doi:10.12911/22998993/74398

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Therefore, it is important to mitigate the stressful effects of hot climate on dairy cows by protecting them from direct and indirect solar radiation [10]. On the other hand, HS mitigation should be factored into barn construction for intensively bred dairy cattle to achieve optimum insulation, and reasonable orientation for ventilation as well as bedding material [70]. Modification of the environment around the animal (provision of shade, fans, sprinklers, mists) and nutritional interventions (dietary antioxidant supplementation) may be immediate methods to alleviate HS but these are expensive and not always economically viable for producers [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Stress Impacts on Lactating Cows Grazing Australian Summer Pastures on an Automatic Robotic Dairy

Osei-Amponsah

Dunshea

Leury

et al. 2020

Animals

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The objective of this study was to measure the impacts of summer heat events on physiological parameters (body temperature, respiratory rate and panting scores), grazing behaviour and production parameters of lactating Holstein Friesian cows managed on an Automated Robotic Dairy during Australian summer. The severity of heat stress was measured using Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) and impacts of different THIs—low (≤72), moderate (73–82) and high (≥83)—on physiological responses and production performance were measured. There was a highly significant (p ≤ 0.01) effect of THI on respiratory rate (66.7, 84.7 and 109.1/min), panting scores (1.4, 1.9 and 2.3) and average body temperature of cows (38.4, 39.4 and 41.5 °C), which increased as THI increased from low to moderate to high over the summer. Average milk production parameters were also significantly (p ≤ 0.01) affected by THI, such that daily milk production dropped by 14% from low to high THI, milk temperature and fat% increased by 3%, whilst protein% increased by 2%. The lactation stage of cow had no significant effect on physiological parameters but affected (p ≤ 0.05) average daily milk yield and milk solids. Highly significant (p ≤ 0.01) positive correlations were obtained between THI and milk temperature, fat% and protein% whilst the reverse was observed between THI and milk yield, feed intake and rumination time. Under moderate and high THI, most cows sought shade, spent more time around watering points and showed signs of distress (excessive salivation and open mouth panting). In view of the expected future increase in the frequency and severity of heat events, additional strategies including selection and breeding for thermotolerance and dietary interventions to improve resilience of cows need to be pursued.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Stress Impacts on Lactating Cows Grazing Australian Summer Pastures on an Automatic Robotic Dairy

Osei-Amponsah

Dunshea

Leury

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…Second, the microclimate data of all 32 SDFs should have been measured on the same range of days, but current study was not able to do that due to the lack of labours and the distance between the regions. Third, while the microclimatic conditions within the cowsheds might be affected by variables such as cowshed orientation, the angle of the cowshed roofs, or roof colour [67,68]; these variables were not collected and analysed. Besides, the microclimate can vary at different positions within a given cowshed [69], thus microclimatic data should be measured at multiple points per cowshed.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Cowsheds in Vietnamese Smallholder Dairy Farms and Their Associations with Microclimate—A Preliminary Study

Bang

Gaughan

Hayes

et al. 2021

Animals

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In smallholder dairy farms (SDFs), farmers often build cowsheds using local materials and based on self-accumulated experience without due consideration to reducing the risk of heat stress. This study aimed to characterise the heat stress abatement strategies and microclimate within SDF cowsheds from four typical dairy regions of Vietnam (south lowland, south highland, north lowland and north highland) and identify the housing parameters most associated with the microclimate. The study was conducted on 32 SDFs (eight SDFs per region) in autumn 2017. Twelve housing management variables, illustrating cowshed design and heat stress abatement methods of each SDF, were collected. Six microclimate parameters, collected within the cowshed, were temperature (AT), humidity, air speed (AS), heat load index (HLI), Temperature-humidity index (THI) and accumulated heat load units (AHLU) during a day (06:00 h to 18:00 h). Factor analysis and cluster analysis was applied to group cowsheds of SDFs into clusters where SDFs in the cluster had the same cowshed characteristics. Multivariable linear models were applied to define the parameters most likely to inform future research into heat stress mitigation on SDF. Averaged from 08:00 h to 18:00 h, microclimate inside the cowsheds was considered hot (HLI > 79) in the highland and very hot (HLI > 86) in the lowland regions. Cows in the lowland regions accumulated high heat load (AHLU > 50) by 18:00 h. Cowsheds of SDFs varied widely and grouped into seven cowshed types, but no type was more effective than others in reducing heat stress conditions within cowsheds. Using roof soakers together with fans decreased AT and HLI by 1.3 °C and 3.2 units, respectively, at 14:00 h compared to 11:00 h. Each 100 m increase in altitude was associated with decreases of 0.4 °C in AT, 1.3 units in HLI and 0.8 units in THI (p < 0.001). Each meter increase in the eave height of the cowshed roof was associated with decreases of 0.87 °C in AT, 3.31 units in HLI and 1.42 units in THI, and an increase of 0.14 m/s in AS (p < 0.05). The cowshed parameters that should be prioritised for future research into the amelioration of heat stress in SDF cows include using the roof soakers together with fans, increasing altitude, eave roof height and floor area per cow.

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“…Other methods include misting and air-mixing devices and water droplets from low-pressure sprinkler systems. Increasingly, often diverse methods of increasing shade coverage are mentioned, including tree coverage, choko vines, roofs, extensions of eaves and the installation of sunlight-reducing mesh, which can create more hospitable microclimates for cows due to the reduction in solar radiation exposure and decline in ambient temperature (Schutz et al 2009 ; Angrecka and Herbut 2016 ; Angrecka et al 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental parameters to assessing of heat stress in dairy cattle—a review

2018

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Considering the significant influence of high ambient temperature and heat waves on the well-being and productivity of dairy cows, it is to be expected that, in the course of the next few decades, climate conditions for raising cattle will deteriorate. Research has shown that heat stress causes many negative consequences in terms of physiological and behavioural disturbances and significant losses in milk production. The effort to reduce the risk of the occurrence of heat stress among dairy cows also involves the search for new environmental methods of predicting heat stress. The aim of this paper is to review and systematise the current state of knowledge on the topic of the most widely used environmental methods of determining and predicting heat stress in dairy cows and also to show the directions of studies for the future. Based on an analysis of the most popular indexes, the study evaluated their suitability for forecasting heat stress related to maintenance systems and climate conditions for cows. However, the negative results of heat stress often appear with a delay, and a carry-over effect may be experienced (summer heat stress may affect the cows until autumn). The time of the year and breed of cows could have a big impact on when animals become sensitive to increasing heat loads. This likely can be a big contributor to the discrepancies within the different heat stress equations. It is essential to prevent the occurrence of heat stress, predicting it by observing local microclimate conditions and using meteorological forecasts. Thanks to these measures, a breeder may prepare and implement suitable solutions for protecting the animals.

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The Impact of Localization and Barn Type on Insolation of Sidewall Stalls During Summer

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Heat Stress Impacts on Lactating Cows Grazing Australian Summer Pastures on an Automatic Robotic Dairy

Heat Stress Impacts on Lactating Cows Grazing Australian Summer Pastures on an Automatic Robotic Dairy

Characteristics of Cowsheds in Vietnamese Smallholder Dairy Farms and Their Associations with Microclimate—A Preliminary Study

Environmental parameters to assessing of heat stress in dairy cattle—a review

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