The Impact of Local Immigration Enforcement Policies on the Health of Immigrant Hispanics/Latinos in the United States

Rhodes, Scott D.; Mann, Lilli; Simán, Florence M.; Song, Eun-Young; Alonzo, Jorge; Downs, Mario; Lawlor, Emma; Martínez, Omar; Sun, Christina J.; O’Brien, Mary Claire; Reboussin, Beth A.; Hall, Mark A.

doi:10.2105/ajph.2014.302218

Cited by 297 publications

(280 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…31 The stress generated by a combination of documentation status, racial and gender discrimination, and barriers to social services likely adversely affects mental health and HIV risk for undocumented Latino/a sexual minorities, although the exact causal relationships remain unclear. [32][33][34] Conversely, the security provided by having legal documentation to live and work in the United States may have positive effects on mental health and HIV risk for this group. To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore these associations among transgender immigrant Latinas.…”

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confidence: 99%

Documentation Status as a Contextual Determinant of HIV Risk Among Young Transgender Latinas

et al. 2016

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the contextual factors that determine or mitigate vulnerability to HIV among Latina transgender women. Documentation status (legal authorization to live in the United States) has been cited by other studies as a barrier to recruitment or engagement in HIV-related care among immigrant Latinos, but not explored as a determinant of HIV risk for transgender immigrant Latinas. Methods: We collaborated with a community-based organization to explore these contextual, including social and structural, factors. In-depth interviews in Spanish captured life histories of eight 18-to 29-year-old transgender Latinas, who collectively self-identify as chicas trans. Codes were assigned deductively from the interview guide, and emerging themes were identified throughout data collection. Results: Most participants migrated to the United States from Central America after experiencing discrimination and violence in their countries of origin. Participants emphasized documentation status as a critical factor in three areas related to social and structural determinants of HIV risk: gender identity expression, access to services, and relationship power dynamics. Chicas trans who gained legal asylum reported greater control over sexual relationships, improved access to services, and less risky employment. Conclusions: Documentation status emerged as a key HIV risk factor for this population. For undocumented transgender Latinas, legal asylum appears to be a promising HIV-related protective factor. Further research could assess whether legal assistance combined with wraparound support services affects HIV prevention for this population.

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confidence: 99%

Documentation Status as a Contextual Determinant of HIV Risk Among Young Transgender Latinas

et al. 2016

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“…Anecdotal information suggests that Hispanic persons have experienced disrespect and poor-quality health care in Forsyth County; however, with the exception of the Rhodes work cited earlier [2], few formal studies have documented this phenomenon, even at the state level. Despite lack of data, we believe that the historical treatment of other vulnerable and marginalized populations-such as low-income non-Hispanic blacks and whites in North Carolina who experienced the eugenics program [27] many decades before widespread Hispanic/Latino immigration-remains germane to current distrust among the vulnerable Hispanic population (particularly undocumented persons).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study by Rhodes and colleagues [2] indicated that fear of immigration enforcement policies is generalized across North Carolina counties among Hispanics/Latinos and that interventions are needed to increase immigrant Hispanics' and Latinos' understanding of their rights and eligibility to utilize health services. Hispanic/Latina mothers in the aforementioned study also expressed a profound mistrust of health services, often avoiding such services and even sacrificing the health of their families.…”

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confidence: 99%

Community Health Asset Mapping Partnership Engages Hispanic/Latino Health Seekers and Providers

Cutts¹,

Langdon²,

Meza³

et al. 2016

North Carolina Medical Journal

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background The Hispanic/Latino population in Forsyth County, North Carolina, is growing quickly and experiencing significant disparities in access to care and health outcomes. Assessing community perceptions and utilization of health care resources in order to improve health equity among Hispanics/Latinos at both the county and state levels is critical. methods Our community engagement process was guided by the Community Health Assets Mapping Partnerships (CHAMP) approach, which helps identify gaps in health care availability and areas for immediate action to improve access to and quality of health care. Specifically, we invited and encouraged the Hispanic/Latino population to participate in 4 different workshops conducted in Spanish or English. Participants were identified as either health care providers, defined as anyone who provides health care or a related service, or health care seekers, defined as anyone who utilizes such services. results The most commonly cited challenges to access to care were cost of health care, documentation status, lack of public transportation, racism, lack of care, lack of respect, and education/language. These data were utilized to drive continued engagement with the Hispanic community, and action steps were outlined. limitations While participation in the workshops was acceptable, greater representation of health care seekers and community providers is needed. conclusions This process is fundamental to multilevel initiatives under way to develop trust and improve relationships between the Hispanic/Latino community and local health care entities in Forsyth County. Follow-through on recommended action steps will continue to further identify disparities, close gaps in care, and potentially impact local and state policies with regard to improving the health status of the Hispanic/Latino community.

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“…Each report-back lasted approximately 2 hours and was conducted in Spanish. We shared data from a previous study by our partnership, including both quantitative data demonstrating that Latina mothers in North Carolina seek prenatal care later and have inadequate care compared to non-Latina mothers and qualitative data describing pro-found fear among Latinos in North Carolina about accessing and utilizing services [12]. We facilitated discussions about addressing these issues by asking participants to respond to 2 main questions: "Which of these findings seem most relevant to you?"…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under Section 287(g) and Secure Communities, traffic violations have been the most common charge against arrested immigrants, and the number of immigrants arrested for driving without a license has increased [31]. Given the threat of being stopped by local police who may be involved in immigration enforcement, many Latinos in North Carolina are reluctant to drive, even for the purpose of seeking needed health services [12].…”

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confidence: 99%

Reducing the Impact of Immigration Enforcement Policies to Ensure the Health of North Carolinians: Statewide Community-Level Recommendations

Mann

Simán²,

Downs

et al. 2016

North Carolina Medical Journal

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The Impact of Local Immigration Enforcement Policies on the Health of Immigrant Hispanics/Latinos in the United States

Cited by 297 publications

References 34 publications

Documentation Status as a Contextual Determinant of HIV Risk Among Young Transgender Latinas

Documentation Status as a Contextual Determinant of HIV Risk Among Young Transgender Latinas

Community Health Asset Mapping Partnership Engages Hispanic/Latino Health Seekers and Providers

Reducing the Impact of Immigration Enforcement Policies to Ensure the Health of North Carolinians: Statewide Community-Level Recommendations

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