“…Drawing from a prodigious body of knowledge on lean implementation (Landsbergis et al, 1999;Parker, 2003;Delbridge, 2007;Demeter et al, 2009;Rahman et al, 2010;Yang et al, 2011;Kumar and Kumar, 2016;Shah et al, 2017;Kumar et al, 2017;Valente and Catarina, 2018) and LTP inculcation (Hines et al, 2004;Belekoukias et al, 2014;Aghakhani et al, 2016;Panwar et al, 2018;Iranmanesh et al, 2019), a direct effect is expected between LTP and OP. A conceptual framework highlighted by Liker (2004) in his book titled "The Toyota Way" puts forth a framework that highlights the critical indicators for the success of Lean Thinking like human resource management, workers' direction and involving employees in lean implementation focusing on teamwork.…”