The Impact of Leadership Style on Creating Community in Public and Private Schools

Teachers’ Personal and Team Empowerment and Their Relations to Organizational Outcomes: Contradictory or Compatible Constructs?

“…Maeroff (1988) suggests that teachers' empowerment is essential for teachers' effectiveness as it affects teachers' approach to their jobs. Highly personal empowered teachers are expected to demonstrate self-initiating behaviors, to engage in behaviors that will help the employing organization achieve its goals, to exert considerable effort beyond minimal expectations, and to exhibit persistence in the face of obstacles (Bandura, 1986;Madsen & Hipp, 1999;Wilkinson, 1998;Wilson & Coolican, 1996). However, recently, several authors have suggested that the personal empowerment concept can also be applied to the context of teams-namely, team empowerment.…”

“…Examining the effects of team empowerment on school outputs is especially crucial because despite the increasing popularity of team-based organizational structures in schools (Husband, 1994;Wall & Rinehart, 1998), teams have not yet become the organic unit of work in the educational settings (Madsen & Hipp, 1999). Teamwork is designed to create work interdependence and increased self-management, increasing members' responsibility for the team's performance and outcomes (Crow & Pounder, 2000;Pounder, 1999).…”

“…In addition, it seems that the team context enables teachers to discuss problems and work collectively, to find solutions, and to generate new questions. These teachers are encouraged to pursue professional development activities that enhance trust and respect among the participants (Crow & Pounder, 2000;Madsen & Hipp, 1999), which in turn might promote teachers' performance. For example, Hodges and Carron (1992) found that high-collective-efficacy teams improved their collaborative performance following failure, whereas low-collective-efficacy teams exhibited a diminution in collaborative performance.…”

“…As regards team empowerment, teams foster responsibility and commitment ostensibly because employees have a greater sense of belonging and identification (Godard, 2001;Madsen & Hipp, 1999). A positive attitude on the part of a person's peers proved to be one of the most important experiences affecting that person's commitment (Kirkman & Rosen, 1999;Steers, 1977).…”

Relationship Between Psychological Empowerment and Productivity of Medical Librarians

“…These dimensions represent a personal orientation to the role of employees in the organization. So the psychological empowerment provides potential capacity for use of the origins of human ability, that it has not been used and it is a process in which via development and expansion the ability of individuals and teams, helps improvement of continuous performance ( 9 ). Nowadays, with the rapid developments in the field of environmental organizations, such as the use of information technology and global networks, the increase of competition in access to jobs, services and products from other countries, creativity and knowledge as an element of competitive advantage has been posed.…”