The impact of irrelevant dimensional variation on rule-based category learning in patients with Parkinson's disease

Filoteo, J. Vincent; Maddox, W. Todd; Ing, A. David; Zizak, Vanessa; Song, David

doi:10.1017/s1355617705050617

Cited by 36 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This is perhaps not surprising, given that the preceding SD stages already forced selective attention to the relevant dimension, thus reducing the impact of differential salience of the irrelevant dimension. Indeed, prior data indicate that category learning in PD patients is impacted to a greater extent than controls when the number of randomly varying irrelevant dimensions increases (Filoteo, Maddox, Ing, Zizak, & Song, 2005). Also consistent are findings that mild medicated PD patients are impaired in the identification of the dimensions of five-dimensional stimuli (Swainson et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Top–Down Attentional Control in Parkinson's Disease: Salient Considerations

Cools

Rogers

Barker³

et al. 2010

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Abstract■ Cognitive dysfunction in Parkinsonʼs disease (PD) has been hypothesized to reflect a failure of cortical control. In keeping with this hypothesis, some of the cognitive deficits in PD resemble those seen in patients with lesions in the lateral pFC, which has been associated with top-down attentional control. However, there is no direct evidence for a failure of top-down control mechanisms in PD. Here we fill this gap by demonstrating disproportionate control by bottom-up attention to dimensional salience during attentional set shifting. Patients needed significantly more trials to criterion than did controls when shifting to a low-salient dimension while, remarkably, needing significantly fewer trials to criterion than did controls when shifting to a highsalient dimension. Thus, attention was captured by bottom-up attention to salient information to a greater extent in patients than in controls. The results provide a striking reinterpretation of prior set-shifting data and provide the first direct evidence for a failure of top-down attentional control, resembling that seen after catecholamine depletion in the pFC. ■

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Top–Down Attentional Control in Parkinson's Disease: Salient Considerations

Cools

Rogers

Barker³

et al. 2010

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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“…According to some theories, the primary role of the BG is action selection (Bogacz & Gurney, 2007;Gurney et al, 2004;Redgrave et al, 1999). According to other theories, it is inhibition (Filoteo et al, 2005;Mink, 2003). Although the present results cannot decide between these possibilities, we would like to point out the fact that selection often uses inhibition as its mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…These theories suggest a special role for the BG in action selection (Graybiel & Rauch, 2000;Redgrave et al, 1999;Mink, 1996;Graybiel & Kimura, 1995;Jackson & Houghton, 1995) and in the inhibition of irrelevant information (Filoteo et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to one group of theories, the BG play a unique role in inhibiting competing action plans (cf. Mink, 2003) and filtering irrelevant information (Filoteo, Maddox, Ing, Zizak, & Song, 2005). Both filtering (Meiran, 2000a(Meiran, , 2000bMeiran & Marciano, 2002) and inhibition (Mayr, Diedrichsen, Ivry, & Keele, 2006;Masson, Bud, Woodward, & Chan, 2003;Mayr & Keele, 2000) have been shown to play a major role in task switching in normal participants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Basal Ganglia Play a Unique Role in Task Switching within the Frontal-Subcortical Circuits: Evidence from Patients with Focal Lesions

Yehene

Meiran

Soroker

2008

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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The performance of patients with lesions involving the basal ganglia (BG) was compared to that of patients with prefrontal (PFC) lesions, thalamic (TH) lesions, and age-matched controls in order to examine the specific role of the BG within the frontal-subcortical circuits (FSCC) in task switching. All the BG patients and none of the other participants showed a marked increase in error rate in incongruent trials where correct responses depended upon the choice of the correct task rule. Some BG patients erred in failing to switch tasks and others failed despite their attempt to switch tasks. Additionally, reaction time results indicate abnormal response repetition effects among the BG patients; failure in benefiting from advance task information among all the patients; and increased task mixing costs following PFC lesions. The authors conclude that although the frontal-subcortical circuits jointly determine some behaviors (such as benefiting from preparation), the BG play a unique role within the FSCC in action selection and/or the inhibition of irrelevant information.

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“…While this is somewhat of a simplistic distinction, and it is obvious that overlapping neural systems contribute to both implicit and explicit learning (e.g., Poldrack & Packard, 2003), past behavioral and functional neuroimaging work with normal participants and various patient populations provides extensive evidence that implicit and explicit category learning are mediated differently (Ashby et al , 1998; Filoteo, Maddox, Simmons et al , 2005; Filoteo, Simmons, Zeithamova, Maddox, & Paulus, 2006; Knowlton & Squire, 1993; Maddox, Filoteo, Hejl, & Ing, 2004; Maddox, Filoteo, & Lauritzen, 2007; Maddox, Filoteo, Lauritzen, Connally, & Hejl, 2005; Nomura et al , 2007; E. E. Smith, Patalano, & Jonides, 1998; E.…”

Section: Category Learning As a Model Task In Neuropsychologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative modeling of category learning deficits in various patient populations.

2017

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Objective To provide a select review of our applications of quantitative modeling to highlight the utility of such approaches to better understand the neuropsychological deficits associated with various neurologic and psychiatric diseases. Method We review our work examining category learning in various patient populations, including individuals with basal ganglia disorders (Huntington’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease), amnesia and Eating Disorders. Results Our review suggests that the use of quantitative models has enabled a better understand the learning deficits often observed in these conditions and has allowed us to form novel hypotheses about the neurobiological bases of their deficits. Conclusions We feel that the use of neurobiologically-inspired quantitative modeling holds great promise in neuropsychological assessment and that future clinical measures should incorporate the use of such models as part of their standard scoring. Appropriate studies need to be completed, however, to determine whether such modeling techniques adhere to the rigorous psychometric properties necessary for a valid and reliable application in a clinical setting.

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The impact of irrelevant dimensional variation on rule-based category learning in patients with Parkinson's disease

Cited by 36 publications

References 45 publications

Top–Down Attentional Control in Parkinson's Disease: Salient Considerations

Top–Down Attentional Control in Parkinson's Disease: Salient Considerations

Basal Ganglia Play a Unique Role in Task Switching within the Frontal-Subcortical Circuits: Evidence from Patients with Focal Lesions

Quantitative modeling of category learning deficits in various patient populations.

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