The impact of international economic sanctions on Iranian cancer healthcare

Shahabi, Shohreh; Fazlalizadeh, Hooman; Stedman, Jennifer; Chuang, Linus; Shariftabrizi, Ahmad; Ram, Regina

doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2015.08.012

Cited by 53 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Therefore, ten out of eleven included studies addressed the effects of sanctions on access to medicine in Iran. Three articles studied medicines holistically, [16][17][18] seven articles investigated medications related to some speci c diseases, [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] and the one remaining assessed the effect of sanctions on air pollution. [26] In terms of method, there were 6 quantitative studies, 4 qualitative studies, and one review (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to data collection, studies used media, information obtained from city pharmacies, chart review and question from patients, [19,20,22,25]national reports, [18,23] and literature review. [18,24] The characteristics of included studies are demonstrated in Table 1. [26] Studying the relationship between economic sanctions and rise in air pollutants Economic sanctions have had a signi cant relationship with CH 4, CO 2, and NO x air pollutants, in the years intervening 2001 and 2013.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Service delivery arrangement Kheirandish M. [16] Analysing the news media of sanction effects on access to medicine Sanctions negatively effect on access to medicines in Iran; also the number of news media reporting shortage of medicine have had increased from 2011-2013 . Shahabi S. [24] Reviewing the literature and documents regarding the impact of international economic sanctions on Iranian cancer health care Increase in medicines' price, in addition to the bankruptcy of pharmaceutical factories, has led more than 6 million patients with noncommunicable diseases (including cancer) not to get high-quality treatment for their disease. Besides the use of benzene containing gasoline has raised people's exposure to carcinogenic agents.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among studies illustrated in Table 1, Shahabi et al [24] Reviewed the literature assessing the impact of international economic sanctions on Iranian cancer health care. They found that economic crisis due to sanction has led more than 6 million patients with NCDs (including cancer) not to get high-quality treatment for their disease.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Time for more evidence: a scoping review of the effects of sanctions on Iranian health

Majdzadeh

Yahyaei

Sajadi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Islamic Republic of Iran has been the target of massive sanctions since 1979, which got intensified in 2005, 2012, and also in 2015 following JCPOA cancellation. Long-term economic sanctions have impacted Iran’s health system. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of sanctions on health system in Iran, and Iranian people’s health. Methods A scoping review was performed. PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Scientific Information Database were searched from 2012 using the sanction, health and Iran keywords to find the studies that examined the impacts of sanctions on health in Iran. After screening, only original studies, namely studies which collected data through experiments, surveys, observation, interviews, or review of the literature were included, and letters to the editors and secondary reports were excluded. Final listings of articles were supplemented with hand searches of reference listings to ensure completeness. Data on study characteristics and the impacts of sanctions on health were extracted and summarized. Result The preliminary search has identified 273 documents among which 11 articles had the eligibility criteria to be included. They showed remarkable effects of sanctions on access to medicines for the treatment of cancers, non-communicable diseases, asthma, epilepsy, addiction, and hemophilia. Conclusion While there is a scarcity of evidence in quantifying the sanction’s impact and also the potential impact on different dimensions of people’s health, it seems that innocent people suffered from the economic downturn caused by sanction. The exact impact of sanctions on different health related areas could be the subject of further studies. Furthermore, more vigorous monitoring and evaluation systems are needed to investigate the effects of sanctions on health outcomes and system to be sure that they do not violate people’s fundamental human right to health.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time for more evidence: a scoping review of the effects of sanctions on Iranian health

Majdzadeh

Yahyaei

Sajadi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Another political factor was the impact of international sanctions on imports of dietary milk and medicine. Studies by Masoumi et al in 2015 [42], Georgia et al in 2014 [43] and Shahabi et al in 2015 [44] have also addressed the impact of sanctions on health. The sanctions have had a negative impact on the country's treatment system, which includes the provision of drugs and medical equipment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Policy Analysis of the National Phenylketonuria Screening Program in Iran

Heidari

Arab

Damari

2020

Preprint

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Background Phenylketonuria (PKU) screening is a public health measure taken to diagnose and treat the patients with PKU to prevent severe neurological disorders in them. The present study was aimed at analyzing the policies of the national PKU screening (NaPS) program in Iran. Methods PKU screening program policies were analyzed in compliance with the policy triangle model. Document review and 38 semi-structured interviews were used for data collection. Document review data were analyzed using content analysis, and interview data were analyzed using framework analysis. Results The national PKU screening (NaPS) program was a decision made at the genetics department of Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME) in Iran. Many internal and external stakeholders were involved in it and valid evidence was used to formulate the policies. Despite some opposition and insufficient support, the program was implemented due to the continuous persistence of parents, interested executives, formulated valid content and a top-down approach. The main barriers included rapid substitution of managers, shortage of Phe-free milk, little awareness of patients’ families, social stigma, and inadequate co-operation of some hospital administrators. Conclusions The policy triangle framework contributed to explaining the different components of the PKU screening program. A successful PKU screening program requires more stability of senior managers in MOHME, enough human resources and Phe-free milk, educating patients’ families, and commitment of hospitals administrators. Meanwhile, all the stakeholders need to be involved in the program effectively.

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Estimates of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability‐adjusted life years of lung cancer in Iran, 1990–2019: A systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study 2019

et al. 2022

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Background: Lung cancer is one of the leading cancers, with a high burden worldwide. As a developing country, Iran is facing with population growth, widespread tobacco use, demographic and epidemiologic changes, and environmental exposures, which lead to cancers becoming a severe concern of public health in Iran. We aimed to examine the burden of lung cancer and its risk factors in Iran. Methods:We utilized the Global Burden of Disease 2019 data and analyzed the total burden of the lung cancer and seven related risk factors by sex, age at national and sub-national levels from 1990 to 2019. Results:The lung cancer age-standardized death rate increased from 11.8 (95% Uncertainty Interval: 9.7-14.4) to 12.9 (11.9-13.9) per 100,000 between 1990 and 2019. This increase was among women from 5 (4.2-7.1) to 8 (7.2-8.8) per 100,000; in contrast, there was a decline among men from 18.5 (14.8-22.6) to 17.8 (16.2-19.4) per 100,000. The burden of lung cancer is concentrated in the advanced age groups. Smoking with 53.5% of total attributable deaths (51.0%-55.9%) was the leading risk factor. At the provincial level, there was a wide range between the lowest and highest, from 8.3 (7.0-10.0) to 19.1 (16.4-22.0) per 100,000 population in the incidence rate and from 8.

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The impact of international economic sanctions on Iranian cancer healthcare

Cited by 53 publications

References 19 publications

Time for more evidence: a scoping review of the effects of sanctions on Iranian health

Time for more evidence: a scoping review of the effects of sanctions on Iranian health

A Policy Analysis of the National Phenylketonuria Screening Program in Iran

Estimates of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability‐adjusted life years of lung cancer in Iran, 1990–2019: A systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study 2019

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