The Impact of Immune Responses on the Asexual Erythrocytic Stages of Plasmodium and the Implication for Vaccine Development

Bergmann‐Leitner, Elke S.; Duncan, Elizabeth H.; Angov, Evelina

doi:10.5772/33130

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 132 publications

(127 reference statements)

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“…[52], hence, these helper cells are required to induce antibody-dependent responses [53]. In the malaria infection blood phase, these antibodies are associated with reduced morbidity or protection against clinical symptoms in animal models, as epidemiological studies in adults has shown, where they are associated with controlled levels of parasitemia [54]. Antigens expressed in parasites or infected cells are recognized by different immunoglobulin isotypes of different subclasses (IgG1 and IgG3 in humans, IgG2a in mice).…”

Section: Immune Response In Malariamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Search of a Malaria Vaccine: The Time for Modified Immuno-Potentiating Probes

et al. 2021

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Malaria is a deadly disease that takes the lives of more than 420,000 people a year and is responsible for more than 229 million clinical cases globally. In 2019, 95% of malaria morbidity occurred in African countries. The development of a highly protective vaccine is an urgent task that remains to be solved. Many vaccine candidates have been developed, from the use of the entire attenuated and irradiated pre-erythrocytic parasite forms (or recombinantly expressed antigens thereof) to synthetic candidates formulated in a variety of adjuvants and delivery systems, however these have unfortunately proven a limited efficacy. At present, some vaccine candidates are finishing safety and protective efficacy trials, such as the PfSPZ and the RTS,S/AS01 which are being introduced in Africa. We propose a strategy for introducing non-natural elements into target antigens representing key epitopes of Plasmodium spp. Accordingly, chemical strategies and knowledge of host immunity to Plasmodium spp. have served as the basis. Evidence is obtained after being tested in experimental rodent models for malaria infection and recognized for human sera from malaria-endemic regions. This encourages us to propose such an immune-potentiating strategy to be further considered in the search for new vaccine candidates.

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Section: Immune Response In Malariamentioning

confidence: 99%