The Impact of Human T-Lymphotrophic Virus Type I/II Infection on the Prognosis of Sexually Acquired Cases of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Gotuzzo, Eduardo; Escamilla, Joel; Phillips, Irving A.; Sánchez, Jorge; Wignall, F S; Antigoni, Juana

doi:10.1001/archinte.1992.00400190063012

Cited by 44 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Conflicting reports suggest variable outcomes among dually infected individuals, including delayed progression to AIDS in some reports and accelerated disease progression in others [5,10,11,[15][16][17]. Interpretation of these study results is limited by incomplete demographic, laboratory, and treatment data and by lack of differentiation of HTLV-I from HTLV-II in many cases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 82%

Clinical Outcomes and Disease Progression among Patients Coinfected with HIV and Human T Lymphotropic Virus Types 1 and 2

Beilke

Theall

O’Brien

et al. 2004

Clinical Infectious Diseases

102

119

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The goal of this study was to investigate clinical outcomes and survival probabilities among persons coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human T lymphotropic viruses types 1 and 2 (HTLV-I/II). A nonconcurrent cohort study of 1033 HIV-infected individuals was also conducted. Sixty-two patients were coinfected with HTLV-I, and 141 patients were coinfected with HTLV-II. HTLV-I/II coinfection was highly associated with African-American race/ethnicity, age of >36 years, higher CD4(+) T cell count at baseline and over time, and history of injection drug use. Coinfected patients were more likely to have neurologic complications, thrombocytopenia, respiratory and urinary tract infections, and hepatitis C. Despite having higher CD4(+) T cell counts over time, there was no difference in the incidence of opportunistic infections. Progression to both acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.50; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.25-0.98) and death (aHR, 0.57, 95% CI, 0.37-0.89) were slower among HTLV-II-coinfected patients, compared with time-entry- and CD4(+) T cell count-matched control subjects. In conclusion, HIV-HTLV-I/II coinfection may result in improved survival and delayed progression to AIDS, but this happens at the expense of an increased frequency of other of clinical complications.

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mentioning

confidence: 82%

Clinical Outcomes and Disease Progression among Patients Coinfected with HIV and Human T Lymphotropic Virus Types 1 and 2

Beilke

Theall

O’Brien

et al. 2004

Clinical Infectious Diseases

102

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Tax-1 is also responsible for the induction of cytokine receptor expression (Franchini and Streicher, 1995). This state of activation was frequently observed among co-infected subjects who showed a sharp drop in CD4 cell count and rapid progression of HIV-1 disease (Bartholomew et al, 1987; Page et al, 1990; Pagliuca et al, 1990; Gotuzzo et al, 1992; Schechter et al, 1994; Fantry et al, 1995). …”

Section: Cytokines/chemokinesmentioning

confidence: 87%

HTLV-1/-2 and HIV-1 co-infections: retroviral interference on host immune status

Pilotti¹,

Bianchi²,

Maria³

et al. 2013

Front. Microbiol.

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The human retroviruses HIV-1 and HTLV-1/HTLV-2 share similar routes of transmission but cause significantly different diseases. In this review we have outlined the immune mediated mechanisms by which HTLVs affect HIV-1 disease in co-infected hosts. During co-infection with HIV-1, HTLV-2 modulates the cellular microenvironment favoring its own viability and inhibiting HIV-1 progression. This is achieved when the HTLV-2 proviral load is higher than that of HIV-1, and thanks to the ability of HTLV-2 to: (i) up-regulate viral suppressive CCL3L1 chemokine expression; (ii) overcome HIV-1 capacity to activate the JAK/STAT pathway; (iii) reduce the activation of T and NK cells; (iv) modulate the host miRNA profiles. These alterations of immune functions have been mainly attributed to the effects of the HTLV-2 regulatory protein Tax and suggest that HTLV-2 exerts a protective role against HIV-1 infection. Contrary to HIV-1/HTLV-2, the effect of HIV-1/HTLV-1 co-infection on immunological and pathological conditions is still controversial. There is evidence that indicates a worsening of HIV-1 infection, while other evidence does not show clinically relevant effects in HIV-positive people. Possible differences on innate immune mechanisms and a particularly impact on NK cells are becoming evident. The differences between the two HIV-1/HTLV-1 and HIV-1/HTLV-2 co-infections are highlighted and further discussed.

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“…In Peru, HTLV-1 prevalence in candidate blood donors varies from 1.2% to 1.7% across regions, with higher figures for some Andean areas [10]. Most studies have taken place in Lima or the Andes [11][12][13], whereas there are scant data from the Amazon [11,[14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) in Pregnant Women in the Peruvian Amazon and Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of HTLV Infection in Peru

et al. 2021

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Background. Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is responsible for tropical spastic paraparesis and HTLV-1-associated leukemia/lymphoma. The infection is endemic in some areas of Peru, but its prevalence in the Peruvian Amazon is not well established. We aimed to assess the seroprevalence of HTLV-1 infection in pregnant women in the Peruvian Amazon. Moreover, we performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of the seroprevalence of HTLV infection in Peru. (2) Methods. This is a prospective cross-sectional study involving pregnant women attending health centers in the city of Iquitos, Peru, in May and June 2019. The presence of antibodies against HTLV-1 was assessed using ELISA (HTLV I + II ELISA recombinant v.4.0, Wiener lab, Rosario, Argentina). Positive cases were confirmed by Western Blot and HTLV-1 proviral load. (3) Results. The study included 300 pregnant women with a mean age of 26 years (standard deviation [SD] 6.4). Five patients were diagnosed with HTLV-1 infection (prevalence 1.7%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.7% to 3.8%). Pregnant women with HTLV-1 infection were discretely younger (mean age 22.6 [SD 22.6] vs 26.8 [SD 6.3]; p = 0.128). None of the five women had been transfused, and all were asymptomatic. Two (40%) also had a positive serology for Strongyloides, but larvae were not detected in any of the parasitological stool studies. The systematic review component identified 40 studies, which showed that the prevalence of HTLV infection in the general population was 2.9% (95% CI 1.2% to 5.3%) and in women of childbearing age, 2.5% (95% CI 1.2% to 4.0%). (4) Conclusion. The prevalence of HTLV-1 in the Peruvian Amazon basin is about 1.7%, indicating an endemic presence. Screening for HTLV-1 in prenatal care is warranted.

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The Impact of Human T-Lymphotrophic Virus Type I/II Infection on the Prognosis of Sexually Acquired Cases of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Cited by 44 publications

References 34 publications

Clinical Outcomes and Disease Progression among Patients Coinfected with HIV and Human T Lymphotropic Virus Types 1 and 2

Clinical Outcomes and Disease Progression among Patients Coinfected with HIV and Human T Lymphotropic Virus Types 1 and 2

HTLV-1/-2 and HIV-1 co-infections: retroviral interference on host immune status

Screening for Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) in Pregnant Women in the Peruvian Amazon and Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of HTLV Infection in Peru

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