The impact of hope and hopelessness on evaluation: A meta‐cognitive approach

Requero, Blanca; Briñol, Pablo; Petty, Richard E.

doi:10.1002/ejsp.2726

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 89 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…Conceptually similar results were obtained in research that examined two different emotions for which the certainty and pleasantness appraisal dimensions are also mismatched: hope (pleasant but uncertain) versus hopelessness (unpleasant but certain; see Requero, Briñol, & Petty, 2021). That is, hope was found to increase thought use relative to hopelessness when the pleasantness appraisal was salient because hope is associated with more positive feelings than hopelessness (affective validation).…”

Section: The Impact Of Perceived Thought Validitysupporting

confidence: 65%

Self-validation theory: An integrative framework for understanding when thoughts become consequential.

Briñol¹,

Petty²

2022

Psychological Review

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Self-validation theory (SVT) is introduced and presented as a series of six postulates. The core notion of SVT is that thoughts become more consequential for judgment and action as the perceived validity of the thoughts is increased. Instead of focusing on the objective accuracy of thoughts, self-validation research focuses on a subjective sense that one’s thoughts are valid or appropriate to use. People come to rely on any thought more when they perceive that thought is likely to be true (cognitive validation) or because they feel good about the thought (affective validation). Perceptions of thought validity are influenced by thought-relevant as well as incidental factors (e.g., one’s moods, sense of ease), and the impact of these factors can vary with their meaning. Individual and situational factors moderate when people rely on their assessments of validity and what thoughts are salient to validate. In short, SVT is a comprehensive and integrative framework from which to examine the use of thoughts across many seemingly diverse variables, outcomes, and domains in psychology. The theory is also relevant to understanding judgments in numerous applied contexts. By identifying moderators and mediators of thought validation processes and outcomes, SVT is capable of specifying when and why many different variables have an impact on judgments and actions.

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Section: The Impact Of Perceived Thought Validitysupporting

confidence: 65%

Self-validation theory: An integrative framework for understanding when thoughts become consequential.

Briñol¹,

Petty²

2022

Psychological Review

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“…That is, if participants were reminded of times in the past where they thought a lot or a little about something, they would plausibly make the same inference for this situation. Equivalent priming procedures based on recalling past episodes have been used in prior research to vary meta‐cognitive perceptions of thinking and feeling (e.g., Paredes et al, 2021; Petty et al., 2002; Requero et al., 2021; Schwarz & Clore, 1983; Stavraki et al., 2021; Strack et al., 1985).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes and attitude certainty guiding pro‐social behaviour as a function of perceived elaboration

Moreno

Requero²,

Santos

et al. 2021

Euro J Social Psych

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This research examined the effect of perceived elaboration on the relationship between attitudes and prosocial behaviour. Study 1 revealed that group fusion was more predictive of pro-group behaviour (donation to in-group members) when perceived elaboration was high rather than low. In Study 2, attitudes toward helping were more likely to guide prosocial behaviour (helping others in a learning task) for participants who reported higher levels of perceived elaboration. Studies 3 and 4 manipulated perceptions of elaboration, demonstrating that attitudes guided subsequent hiring decisions (Study 3) and an actual behavioural choice in a natural setting (Study 4), and that this link was stronger for those participants induced to believe that they engaged in high (vs. low) elaboration. Furthermore, Studies 2 and 4 revealed that the effects of perceived elaboration on attitude-behaviour correspondence were mediated by attitude certainty. The present research reveals that prosocial behaviour can be facilitated by taking into consideration meta-cognitive processes that accompany evaluation (perceived elaboration and attitude certainty).

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“…Second, it is worth noting that we treat team hopelessness as the opposite of team hope (i.e., with the two emotions at opposite ends of a continuum) rather than the complete absence of team hope. This treatment dates back to early research on the psychology of hope (Stotland, 1969) and represents a perspective that was later adopted by social psychologists in recent decades (Dong et al., 2015; Requero et al., 2021).…”

Section: Theory and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combating team hopelessness: How and why leader interpersonal emotion management matters

Wang

Liu

Ling

et al. 2022

Personnel Psychology

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The extant team affect literature is silent on how team hopelessness may impact team functioning and, more importantly, how leaders may help to regulate it. Relying on the Appraisal‐Tendency Framework of emotion, this paper examines the effect of team hopelessness on team performance, as well as its underlying mechanism, collective efficacy. It also explores how leaders’ use of two different interpersonal emotion management (IEM) strategies can moderate this relationship. Across two field studies involving 80 and 170 workplace teams, respectively, we consistently find that team hopelessness negatively impacts team performance through reduced collective efficacy. Moreover, leaders’ use of a problem‐focused IEM strategy weakens the negative relationship between team hopelessness and team performance via collective efficacy, while their use of an emotion‐focused IEM strategy strengthens it. Our research highlights the detrimental effect of team hopelessness on team functioning and the various consequences of different leader IEM strategies.

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The impact of hope and hopelessness on evaluation: A meta‐cognitive approach

Cited by 7 publications

References 89 publications

Self-validation theory: An integrative framework for understanding when thoughts become consequential.

Self-validation theory: An integrative framework for understanding when thoughts become consequential.

Attitudes and attitude certainty guiding pro‐social behaviour as a function of perceived elaboration

Combating team hopelessness: How and why leader interpersonal emotion management matters

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