The Impact of HIV and Plasmodium falciparum Genetic Diversity on Anaemia in HIV-patients Attending Care and Treatment Centre at Baptist Hospital Mutengene

doi:10.20431/2349-0365.0405004

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Although no study has been conducted to assess the diversity of P. falciparum among pregnant women with and without HIV as 2 distinct entities, a couple of studies have evaluated the diversity of P. falciparum among individuals with HIV. In Mutengene, Cameroon, it was reported that the MSP1 allelic variants detected among patients with HIV were KI (65.22%), MAD20 (27.54%), and RO33 (27.54%), while the MSP2 allelic variants were FC27 (30.43%) and 3D7/IC (31.88%), which was high and associated with anemia [ 51 ]. A study in Senegal reported no difference in genetic diversity between P. falciparum isolates from patients with malaria and concurrent malaria-arbovirus in Kedougou [ 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of HIV Infection on the Immune Response to Malaria Among Pregnant Women in Kumba, Southwest Cameroon: Protocol for a Cross-sectional Study

Obase¹,

Francis²,

Forgu³

et al. 2023

JMIR Res Protoc

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Background Malaria and HIV, 2 of the world's deadliest diseases, share a lot of territory in sub-Saharan Africa. Objective This study seeks to investigate the effect of HIV on the immune response to malaria infection among pregnant women in Kumba in the southwest region (SWR) of Cameroon. The study aims to determine the prevalence of malaria infection, assess the occurrence of Plasmodium falciparum genetic diversity, and evaluate the antibody (immunoglobulin [Ig]G and IgM: apical membrane antigen-1 [AMA1], merozoite surface protein [MSP]1, MSP2, MSP3, and erythrocyte-binding antigen [EBA]175) and cytokine (interleukin [IL]-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], and interferon gamma [IFNγ]) response to malaria infection among pregnant women with and without HIV in Kumba. Methods The study will be a hospital-based cross-sectional design that will run from March 2022 to February 2023. It will recruit pregnant women with and without HIV who are in their third trimester of pregnancy. The study will be carried out in 5 health institutions in Kumba: General Hospital Kumba, Presbyterian Hospital Kumba, District Hospital Kumba-town, Kossala Integrated Health Center Kumba, and Catholic Hospital Kumba. About 3 mL of the mother’s venous blood, placental blood, and baby cord blood will be collected from each pregnant women at the point of delivery. Microscopy, rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) will be performed to identify the malaria parasite in all the samples, and nested PCR targeting the different genetic diversity markers for P. falciparum will also be performed. Furthermore, sequencing will be performed to study the nucleotide sequence of different alleles, and the genetic diversity of the alleles responsible for malaria infection among pregnant women will be assessed. A multiplex assay will be conducted to analyze the peripheral blood plasma and cord blood plasma for the cytokine and total antibody response to malaria infection among pregnant women with and without HIV. The questionnaire for data collection will be pretested at the Kumba District Hospital, and ethical clearance will be obtained from the University of Buea and the Regional Delegation of Public Health for the SWR. Data will be analyzed using SPSS Statistics and STATA. All P values <.05 will be considered statistically significant. BioEdit 7.0.0 software will be used to align the nucleotide sequences of different genes after sequencing. Phylogenetic tree searching will be conducted using the maximum-likelihood (ML) method in MEGA V6.0. Results The project started in March 2022 and will end in February 2023. Presently, three-fourth of the project funding has been disbursed to date. A total of 218 participants have been enrolled: 193 (88.5%) women without HIV and 25 (11.5%) women with HIV. Between February 2023 and March 2024, the following results will be ready for publication: maternal-neonatal malaria prevalence among pregnant women and babies in Kumba, the effect of HIV on (1) P. falciparum genetic diversity among pregnant women in Kumba, (2) the maternal and neonatal immune response to MSP1, MSP2, and EBA175 IgG antibody response to P. falciparum–caused malaria infection among pregnant women, and (3) the maternal and neonatal pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine response to malaria infection. Conclusions HIV infection increases the prevalence of malaria infection among pregnant women and also influences the genetic diversity of P. falciparum, with MSP1 alleles being the most prevalent. HIV infection also reduces the antibody response to malaria infection, as well as altering the level of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses to malaria infection. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/38213

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of HIV Infection on the Immune Response to Malaria Among Pregnant Women in Kumba, Southwest Cameroon: Protocol for a Cross-sectional Study

Obase¹,

Francis²,

Forgu³

et al. 2023

JMIR Res Protoc

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Bloodless Management of Anaemic HIV Infected Patients in South- South, Nigeria

Ozinko¹,

Bassey

Assem³

2020

JARMHS

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This is a prospective study that aimed at comparing patients’ morbidity and mortality among severely anaemic HIV-patients who were transfused and those who were no transfused. Anaemia is a common presentation among patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. We treated 13 patients who had packed cell volume ? 20% and were randomized into two groups: group A had blood transfusion while group B did not. Other treatments such as haematinics, antihelminthics, antibiotics, treatment of opportunistic infections, no infusion and balanced nutrition were given to them. The survival rate was higher among those who did not receive blood transfusion while those who were transfused had higher mortality rate. The study concluded that bloodless management of severely anaemic HIV- patients with PCV ? 20% without blood transfusion had higher survival rate than those who were transfused.

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The Impact of HIV and Plasmodium falciparum Genetic Diversity on Anaemia in HIV-patients Attending Care and Treatment Centre at Baptist Hospital Mutengene

Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and KI (65.22%), MAD20 (27.54%) and RO33 (27.54%)

Cited by 2 publications

References 30 publications

The Effects of HIV Infection on the Immune Response to Malaria Among Pregnant Women in Kumba, Southwest Cameroon: Protocol for a Cross-sectional Study

The Effects of HIV Infection on the Immune Response to Malaria Among Pregnant Women in Kumba, Southwest Cameroon: Protocol for a Cross-sectional Study

Bloodless Management of Anaemic HIV Infected Patients in South- South, Nigeria

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