The impact of high fructose on cardiovascular system

Abstract

<jats:p> The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of α-lipoic acid (α-LA) on oxidative damage and inflammation that occur in endothelium of aorta and heart while constant consumption of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS). The rats were randomly divided into three groups with each group containing eight rats. The groups include HFCS, HFCS + α-LA treatment, and control. HFCS was given to the rats at a ratio of 30% of F30 corn syrup in drinking water for 10 weeks. α-LA treatment was given to the rats at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day orally for the last 6 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the rats were killed by cervical dislocation. The blood samples were collected for biochemical studies, and the aortic and cardiac tissues were collected for evaluation of oxidant–antioxidant system, tissue bath, and pathological examination. HFCS had increased the levels of malondialdehyde, creatine kinase MB, lactate dehydrogenase, and uric acid and showed significant structural changes in the heart of the rats by histopathology. Those changes were improved by α-LA treatment as it was found in this treatment group. Immunohistochemical expressions of tumor necrosis factor α and inducible nitric oxide synthase were increased in HFCS group, and these receptor levels were decreased by α-LA treatment. All the tissue bath studies supported these findings. Chronic consumption of HFCS caused several problems like cardiac and endothelial injury of aorta by hyperuricemia and induced oxidative stress and inflammation. α-LA treatment reduced uric acid levels, oxidative stress, and corrected vascular responses. α-LA can be added to cardiac drugs due to its cardiovascular protective effects against the cardiovascular diseases. </jats:p>

Melatonin protects the heart and endothelium against high fructose corn syrup consumption–induced cardiovascular toxicity via SIRT-1 signaling

“…As shown in a previous study, HFCS increases the level of several oxidative stress parameters and antioxidant enzymes as malondialdehyde and catalase in heart and endothelium. 4 Similar changes in oxidative stress markers through TAS and TOS levels were observed in this study. In many articles regarding HFCS and cardiac tissues, there is no satisfactory level of paper about the relationship between TAS/ TOS levels and HFCS.…”

“…3 Different forms of HFCS (F30, F42, F55) contain 30%, 40%, and 55% fructose, respectively, and loads in body approximately 60-70 mg by daily consumption. 4 Therefore, it affects human body negatively by the wide range of products, and studies should be carried out to eliminate harmful effects, mainly as metabolic syndromes. 5,6 HFCS-55 is the most commonly used among these sweeteners, and 20% HFCS intake causes more serious metabolic consequences than other forms.…”

The effects of high‐fructose corn syrup consumption on testis physiopathology—The ameliorative role of melatonin

“…In our study, MLT was given by gavage during the last 6 weeks of the experiment at a single daily dose of 10 mg/kg by gavage. Saline solution was given to the control and HFCS groups at a dose equivalent to melatonin dose (Othman et al, ; Saygın et al, ).…”

“…It also preserves freshness, sweetness, original flavour and, most importantly, costs less (Bocarsly, Powell, Avena, & Hoebel, ). HFCS is classified as F30, F40 and F55 according to the fructose content of 30%, 40% and 55% (Saygın et al, ). We were aimed to investigate the effect of HFCS (F55, 20% solution) on the oxidant/antioxidant systems, apoptosis, inflammation, interstitial cells, increase in fibrous connective tissue and normal physiological functions such as haematopoiesis and development of the testes.…”

Protective effects of aspirin and vitamin C against corn syrup consumption-induced cardiac damage through sirtuin-1 and HIF-1α pathway

“…( 8 , 9 ). Cardiac damage markers such as creatine kinase (CKMB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) also increased in hyperuricemia-related cardiac injuries ( 10 , 11 ).…”