The Impact of High Cell Density Ceramic Substrates and Washcoat Properties on the Catalytic Activity of Three Way Catalysts

Schmidt, J.; Waltner, Anton; Loose, G.; Hirschmann, Ana Coh O.; Wirth, Alexandra; Mueller, W.; Tillaart, J.A.A. van den; Mußmann, L.; Lindner, D.; Gieshoff, J.; Umehara, K.; Makino, Mikio; Biehn, K.P.; Kunz, Allison

doi:10.4271/1999-01-0272

Cited by 24 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The high cell density substrate and the wash coating method regulate the loading quantity of the PMs, and this regu-lation increases catalytic activity and the selectively catalytic reaction reaction for exhaust. In relation, researches on the selection and loading quantity of proper PMs are on-going (7), (8) . Furthermore, there have been studied on the selection of the pertinent catalyst additives to optimally design the catalyst for automobiles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion Characteristics of Double-Layer Washcoat Tri-Metal Three-Way Catalyst Using High Cell Density Substrate

Choi

Jeong

Son

et al. 2005

JSME international journal. Ser. B, Fluids and thermal engineer

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The research was conducted to evaluate conversion characteristics of three-way catalyst(TWC) with a double-layer washcoat to improve the light-off temperature and the thermal durability. The evaluations considered factors such as the PM loading ratio and loading quantity of the tri-metal catalyst for Rh-Pd-Pt configuration, the washcoat composition, and the cell density. The higher cell density of TWC can improve the light-off temperature because of the lower heat capacity of the substrate and the increase of the surface area. Loading quantity and ratio of precious metals has appropriate value to light-off performance in each cell density of substrate. A proper selection of the bottom layer washcoat loaded with Pd can promote thermal stability and the upper layer washcoat with an excellent ability of oxygen storage can improve the light-off performance and the durability of the double-layer TWC. The best TWC with double-layer was 9Hy(0.6x11x3) with 140 cell/cm 2 substrate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion Characteristics of Double-Layer Washcoat Tri-Metal Three-Way Catalyst Using High Cell Density Substrate

Choi

Jeong

Son

et al. 2005

JSME international journal. Ser. B, Fluids and thermal engineer

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show abstract

“…Of course, the physical and the geometrical properties, the position of the catalytic converter in exhaust line and specific interactions with other devices and engine management affect the performance of the catalytic converter and consequently the tailpipe emissions. An indicative set of studies in this direction [18,73,36,37,38,39] pointed out the following optimization problems (washcoating excluded):…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Development and application of a computer aided engineering methodology supporting the design optimization of automotive exhaust treatment systems

Konstantas¹

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O p t i m i z a t i o n o f A u t o m o t i v e E x h a u s t T r e a t m e n t S y s t e m sTHESIS submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of D o c t o r o f P h i l o s o p h y i n M e c h a n i c a l E n g i n e e r i n g of the D e p a r t m e n t o f M e c h a n i c a l a n d I n d u s t r i a l E n g i n e e r i n g -3 - Since the core of almost every automotive exhaust aftertreatment system is some kind of catalytic converter, intensive research activity is devoted to the various scientific and technical aspects of catalytic technology. These aspects vary from practical research on new materials and novel techniques to improve catalyst microstructure, to theoretical contributions of detailed descriptions of chemical phenomena inside the converters and proposals of mechanistic reaction schemes.Nevertheless, the extremely high efficiencies that are expected from any modern catalyst cannot be attained without simultaneously optimizing aftertreatment device performance, engine design and the control system that drives the whole system. Thus, from a mechanical engineer's point of view, the exhaust treatment complexity is expressed as a strong interaction between these three fields: powertrain operation, engine management characteristics and exhaust treatment device operation.In general, the composition of exhaust gas depends on the engine type, the operating point of the engine, the ambient temperature, the transmission system and miscellaneous characteristics of each system. Thus, the engine management holds a key role in the behavior of the catalytic converter, since it affects both its input as well as the temperature range under which it operates. Moreover, exhaust line design, involving exhaust manifold heat capacity, insulated pipes and positioning of the devices, is strongly connected with the catalytic converter operation. Furthermore, catalysts with the same chemical composition may behave quite differently, depending on the actual procedures that were employed during catalyst preparation.The complexity of the automotive exhaust treatment systems quickly became apparent in the industry. Mathematical modeling tools are continuously developed, in order to complement the experimental efforts and provide guidance for areas that needed improvement. In the last 30 years, many models have appeared in the literature [2] . Their approaches and their scope were diverse, but in general they were rather focused on the individual devices than on the whole aftertreatment system. -6 -Specifically for the catalytic converter modeling: most kinetic studies so far resulted in models that are valid for the specific combination of engine and catalyst status at that moment (usually fresh catalysts). Although valuable for a specific engineering problem, such modeling results could only partially be extended in different systems, and only with great caution. Indeed, successful extension of the results of a specific case to another one is rare in the literature [1] . As a characteristic example...

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Evolution of Catalytic Converters for Spark Ignition Engines to Control Emissions

Kafle

Valera

Ágarwal

2021

Energy, Environment, and Sustainability

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The Impact of High Cell Density Ceramic Substrates and Washcoat Properties on the Catalytic Activity of Three Way Catalysts

Cited by 24 publications

References 28 publications

Conversion Characteristics of Double-Layer Washcoat Tri-Metal Three-Way Catalyst Using High Cell Density Substrate

Conversion Characteristics of Double-Layer Washcoat Tri-Metal Three-Way Catalyst Using High Cell Density Substrate

Development and application of a computer aided engineering methodology supporting the design optimization of automotive exhaust treatment systems

Evolution of Catalytic Converters for Spark Ignition Engines to Control Emissions

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