The impact of heatwaves on human perceived thermal comfort and thermal resilience potential in urban public open spaces

Huang, Xizhen; Yao, Runming; Xu, Ting; Zhang, Shaoxing

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110586

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Essential for these urban studies is that thermal comfort assessment relies not only on microclimate weather parameters but also primarily on assessing user-specific social and cultural factors [9,[65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73]. This group of studies is focused on evaluating and improving thermal comfort in urban squares, with the most significant attention on the subjective experiences, perceptions, and preferences of pedestrians (the quality approach).…”

Section: Cluster: Psychological and Cultural Factor-adaptive Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Outdoor Thermal Comfort Studies for the Urban (Re)Design of City Squares

Mandić,

Đjukić,

Marić

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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In the upcoming period, city squares’ urban redesign will be crucial in achieving sustainable development goals. This study presents a systematic review of OTC-related studies for the urban design of city squares using the PRISMA 2020 methodology. A review included a total of 173 papers from 2001 to 2023. The results identified five study types—clusters based on four pre-defined criteria: study approach, data collection methods, time duration, and primary objectives. The clusters indicate that more than half of all studies are related to the comparison of thermal comfort and heat mitigation measures. Most of the case studies were located in one of three climate zones: temperate oceanic (Cfb) (58 studies), hot summer Mediterranean (Csa) (40 studies), or humid subtropical (Cfa) (28 studies). The most common geometry of the analyzed urban square is medium-sized, is rectangular, and has dominant axel orientation south–north. Also, based on all five clusters, several research gaps were identified, appropriate for future research: the majority of studies related to the traditionally considered climate areas, no typology of urban square geometry configuration based on OTC assessment, and the lack of a local design model for assessing and improving the thermal comfort of city squares.

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Section: Cluster: Psychological and Cultural Factor-adaptive Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Outdoor Thermal Comfort Studies for the Urban (Re)Design of City Squares

Mandić,

Đjukić,

Marić

et al. 2024

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, the number of days with a maximum daily temperature exceeding 35 . This extreme heat weather seriously interferes with residents' outdoor activity, damaging the thermal experience, and increasing the risk of diseases such as heliosis and cardiopathy [29].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Canopy Coverage and Morphological Characteristics of Trees in Urban Park on Summer Thermal Comfort Based on Orthogonal Experiment Design: A Case Study of Lvyin Park in Zhengzhou, China

Xue,

Chao,

Wang

et al. 2023

Forests

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As an integral part of urban forests, urban parks play a vital role in mitigating urban heat islands (UHI) and providing residents with comfortable outdoor recreational plots. For high-quality use of the trees in regulating the thermal comfort of urban parks, previous studies primarily focused on the microclimate variations caused by tree coverage and morphological features separately. However, there is still a lack of systematic understanding of how tree canopy coverage (TCC) and its morphological elements, including leaf area index (LAI), trunk height (TH), and crown diameter (CD), combined affect the thermal comfort in the urban park. This study employed an orthogonal experiment design and ENVI-met software to simulate the microclimate of various multi-factor combination models in the case of a typical urban park in a temperate continental climate zone in China, analyzing the simulated result through physiological equivalent temperature (PET). Results show that the contribution ratio of various elements to the thermal environment vary over time. In studied elements, the contribution ratio of TCC to PET is consistently higher than 50% during the morning, midday, and evening periods, reaching a peak of 67% in the evening. The maximum contribution ratios for CD, TH, and LAI occur during midday, morning, and midday, respectively, with corresponding contribution ratios of approximately 22%, 10%, and 9%, respectively. The ranking of elements affecting thermal comfort in the urban park generally is TCC, CD, LAI, TH throughout the day, apart from the morning, when the influence of TH is greater than LAI. The optimal combination of elements is 85% TCC, 4m TH, 3.9 LAI, and 7m CD, and thirteen combinations of element cases meet the thermal comfort requirements during summer. The research findings highlight the significance of optimizing the configuration of trees in creating a more comfortable and inviting space for human activities.

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“…For example, between 2017 and 2021, the global count of heat-related deaths surged by 68% compared to the preceding five years [2,3]. Within this context, extreme high-temperature weather further worsens the thermal environment in urban open spaces, elevating the thermal risk for those utilizing these areas [4]. Particularly in urban center areas, where a high population density, significant foot traffic, and the widespread use of various artificial surfaces instead of natural ground cover led to increased ground hardening [5,6], combined with the intensification of the urban heat island (UHI) effect, these factors together lead to…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Land Cover Material Interaction of Urban Open Space on the Thermal Comfort of Crowds in High-Temperature Environments and Retrofit Strategies: Two Case Studies in the Nanjing Xinjiekou District

Tan,

Li,

Feng

et al. 2024

Land

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The increased frequency of extreme hot weather events in recent years poses a significant threat to the lives and health of urban residents. Consequently, the thermal comfort of urban open areas has garnered growing attention. The ground material in these urban open areas directly impacts the thermal environment, which significantly influences the comfort of crowds. This study aimed to assess the effect of land cover materials in urban center squares on the thermal comfort of people in high-temperature conditions. Eight types of land cover materials were selected from the two urban squares in the central district of Nanjing Xinjiekou. Physiological equivalent temperature (PET) calculations were performed by measuring the surface temperature, the air temperature, the humidity, and other relevant data to evaluate population thermal comfort. The findings indicated that grass provided the highest thermal comfort, with PET scores ranked as follows, from low to high: grass, permeable bricks, granite, concrete, basalt, bluestone, andesite, and asphalt. Additionally, factors such as color, roughness, and shade within the same material also impacted thermal comfort. Subsequently, using the ENVI-met 5.1 software, surface materials exhibiting superior thermal comfort were simulated for replacement, aiming to confirm the experimental results and propose retrofit strategies for improving urban square thermal comfort by optimizing material selection. The outcomes of this study hold significant implications for urban open space design and the overall well-being of city dwellers. The thermal environment in urban centers during high-temperature conditions can be improved by optimizing the choice of land cover materials in urban open areas, thereby enhancing the comfort of the population.

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The impact of heatwaves on human perceived thermal comfort and thermal resilience potential in urban public open spaces

Cited by 11 publications

References 77 publications

A Systematic Review of Outdoor Thermal Comfort Studies for the Urban (Re)Design of City Squares

A Systematic Review of Outdoor Thermal Comfort Studies for the Urban (Re)Design of City Squares

Impact of Canopy Coverage and Morphological Characteristics of Trees in Urban Park on Summer Thermal Comfort Based on Orthogonal Experiment Design: A Case Study of Lvyin Park in Zhengzhou, China

Exploring the Land Cover Material Interaction of Urban Open Space on the Thermal Comfort of Crowds in High-Temperature Environments and Retrofit Strategies: Two Case Studies in the Nanjing Xinjiekou District

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