The Impact of Glaucoma Medications on Corneal Wound Healing

Abstract

Corneal toxicity of Xalatan is most probably caused by BAC. Monoprost delays corneal healing, which is not well understood. The Monoprost effects could be caused by its additive, macrogolglycerolhydroxystearate 40. This excipient is a known skin irritant, and its concentration is relatively elevated in Monoprost, 50 mg/mL, compared with its active ingredient, latanoprost (0.05 mg/mL).

Efficacy and tolerability of preservative-free 0.0015% tafluprost in glaucoma patients: a prospective crossover study

“…Pinheiro et al found that 0.02% BAK aggravated corneal abrasions from 14.65 mm 2 to 66.57 mm 2 to87.26 mm 2 in area. Iatrogenic corneal abrasions were healed completely and recovered corneal stroma (Descemet’s membrane) structure in the Tafuprost use group, but delayed corneal healing markedly in the Latanoprost use group [5]. Fogagnolo et al studied the confocal microscopic findings of non-preservative tafluprost and latanoprost in glaucoma patients for 1 year.…”

“…Benzalkonium chloride (BAK) is the most used preservative and is excellent for safety and stability of drug. However, it causes dry eye, corneal oedema, corneal erosion, and corneal toxicities, thus lowering the long-term tolerability for patients [5–7]. A critical component when managing glaucoma patients is ensuring compliance.…”

“…BAK also has toxicities on cornea erosion and dry eye [5–7]. In this study, we investigated the effect of 0.0015% Tafluprost and the tolerability between BAK containing product (Taflotan®) and non-preservative disposable pack product (Taflotan-S®).…”

Effects of sustained daily latanoprost application on anterior chamber anatomy and physiology in mice

“…Although latanoprost is generally well-tolerated, previous studies in a variety of systems revealed that latanoprost formulations that contain the preservative BAK can have detrimental effects on corneal cells. Among these effects are epithelial cytotoxicity 73 – 75 , an increase in the incidence of ocular surface disease 76 – 78 , and delays in corneal wound healing 79 . All of these effects are largely dependent on BAK 75 , 80 , 73 – 81 .…”

Comparative Evaluation of Antihypertensive Drug’s Efficacy in Patients With Primary Glaucoma at Early and Advanced Stages

“…При сравнительной оценке частоты побочных эффектов у различных представителей ана-логов простагландинов было отмечено, что применение Латанопроста, травопроста и биматопроста приводит к одинаковым побочным эффектам. Известно, что ча-стота и выраженность нежелательных явлений при при-менении офтальмологических препаратов может зави-сеть не только от действующих, но и от вспомогатель-ных веществ в их составе, включая консервант [2,3]. С этой точки зрения наибольший интерес представляет изучение глазных капель, не содержащих консерванты [4,5], в том числе, препаратов в тюбик-капельницах од-норазового применения по сравнению с препаратами с консервантом в традиционных флаконах [5].…”