The Impact of Free Agency on Competitive Balance in North American Professional Team Sports Leagues

Maxcy, Joel; Mondello, Michael

doi:10.1123/jsm.20.3.345

Cited by 55 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…A usual alternative to the Kendall's τ is the Spearman's rho correlation coefficient for ranked data (Daly and Moore 1981;Maxcy 2002;Maxcy and Mondello 2006). This coefficient is simply the Pearson correlation between the ranks of two subsequent seasons.…”

Section: Spearman's Rhomentioning

confidence: 98%

Between-seasons competitive balance in European football: review of existing and development of specially designed indices

Manasis

Ntzoufras

2014

Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports

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Competitive balance is a key issue for any professional sport league substantiated by its effect on demand for league games or other associated products. This work focuses on the measurement of between-seasons competitive balance, the longest time-wise dimension, which captures the relative quality of teams across seasons. The review of the existing indices examines their applicability in the context of European football. Given that domestic championships are multi-prized tournaments, as opposed to the more common North American unitary structure with a single prize, a set of specially designed indices that capture the complex structure of European football are introduced. An empirical investigation, using data from the English Premier League, further elucidates the main features of all appropriate indices by exploring their value and trend. It may be inferred that between-seasons competitive balance in England worsens through seasons mainly due to the very low ranking mobility of the top teams through seasons."The nature of the industry (of baseball) is such that competitors must be of approximate equal size if any are to be successful" (Rottenberg 1956).

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Section: Spearman's Rhomentioning

confidence: 98%

Between-seasons competitive balance in European football: review of existing and development of specially designed indices

Manasis

Ntzoufras

2014

Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports

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“…1 According to Maxcy and Mondello (2006), "Sport enthusiasts expressed concern that competitive balance would diminish as star players congregated to large market cities. However, the economic invariance principle rejects this notion, indicating that balance should remain unchanged" (p.345).…”

Section: Mondello 2006)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Roster Turnover on Demand in the National Basketball Association

et al. 2007

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“…The former directly incorporates measures of outcome uncertainty into models of consumer demand for sports and test whether variation in uncertainty of outcome has a positive functional relationship with consumer demand. The latter evaluates policy changes presumed to affect the distribution of talent across teams in a league-for example, the many tests of the invariance principal through comparisons of competitive balance before and after free agency was introduced to professional sports leagues (e.g., Daly and Moore, 1981;Maxcy and Mondello, 2006). There is also a significant literature that considers the effects of policy changes on game or competition outcomes.…”

Section: Literature Review/rationalementioning

confidence: 98%

Uncertainty of Outcome and Radio Policy in Professional Road Cycling

Larson

Maxcy

2014

Journal of Sport Management

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The world governing body for cycling proscribed the use of two-way radio communication in road cycling races, with the ban set to become fully effective in 2012. The ban was instituted because radio use was perceived to have altered the cycling competitions by making outcomes more predictable and of less interest to sport's consumers. This empirical analysis of the policy rationale considers the uncertainty of outcome hypothesis (UOH) as it applies to professional cycling races and creates a novel measure, the likelihood of breakaway success (LBS). The LBS is analyzed in 1436 bicycle races between 1985-2010 to examine potential changes in outcomes associated with the use of two-way radio technology by competitors and team directors. The data suggests that radio technology has had a significant association with event outcome types. The relevance of the findings to intraorganizational communication, management, and hierarchies of sports teams are also discussed.

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The Impact of Free Agency on Competitive Balance in North American Professional Team Sports Leagues

Cited by 55 publications

References 16 publications

Between-seasons competitive balance in European football: review of existing and development of specially designed indices

Between-seasons competitive balance in European football: review of existing and development of specially designed indices

The Effects of Roster Turnover on Demand in the National Basketball Association

Uncertainty of Outcome and Radio Policy in Professional Road Cycling

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