“…Current training is conducted using didactic lectures for procedural knowledge and manikin simulators for mechanical skills. While didactic lectures provide an overview of CVC and its complications, it is not interactive (Mohan, Kamath, Manish, & Eesha, 2010) and lacks participation from the trainees (Akbarialiabad et al, 2021;Miller et al, 2013). Prior research has also shown that didactic lectures might not be effective for teaching surgical knowledge (Michael, 2006;Miller et al, 2013) and do not improve patient outcomes (Davis, Thomson, Oxman, & Haynes, 1992;Mueller, 2015).…”