The impact of flavour, device type and warning messages on youth preferences for electronic nicotine delivery systems: evidence from an online discrete choice experiment

Shang, Ce; Huang, Jidong; Chaloupka, Frank J.; Emery, Sherry

doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-053754

Cited by 54 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…We conduct a discrete choice experiment (DCE) in a sample of adult tobacco cigarette smokers to help address these information gaps. DCE, a stated preference technique, is increasingly employed by economists to study tobacco‐related products (Buckell, Marti, and Sindelar ; Czoli et al ; Ida and Goto ; Kenkel et al ; Marti , ; Pesko et al ; Regmi et al ; Shang et al ). These methods are grounded in consumer choice theory established by Lancaster ().…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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To “Vape” or Smoke? Experimental Evidence on Adult Smokers

et al. 2018

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A growing share of the United States population uses e-cigarettes but the optimal regulation of these controversial products remains an open question. We conduct a discrete choice experiment to investigate how adult tobacco cigarette smokers’ demand for e-cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes varies by four attributes: (i) whether e-cigarettes are considered healthier than tobacco cigarettes, (ii) the effectiveness of e-cigarettes as a cessation device, (iii) bans on use in public places, and (iv) price. We find that adult smokers’ demand for e-cigarettes is motivated more by health concerns than by the desire to avoid smoking bans or higher prices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the best of our knowledge, only a few extant studies use DCEs in the context of e-cigarettes (Buckell, Marti, and Sindelar 2018;Czoli et al 2016a;Kenkel et al 2017;Pesko et al 2016b;Shang et al 2017). These studies examine the effects of flavors, warning labels, price, and nicotine content on e-cigarette choice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

To “Vape” or Smoke? Experimental Evidence on Adult Smokers

et al. 2018

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“…Similarly, youth did not respond well to ads that focused on flavours. Youth were confused about the main message, which may be because, while flavours are associated with youth use, [20][21][22] youth themselves do not perceive of flavours as a reason why they decide to try e-cigarettes, or possibly because the flavours depicted were not reflective of what youth used. One important point to make is that the dissemination of a health effects message increases saliency and believability of the message.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 There is also concern that the advent of new technologies allowing for more nicotine to enter the body faster, 18 and the use of flavours such as candy and fruit flavours may be enticing youth to initiate electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) use among those not previously at risk of smoking. [19][20][21][22] These factors have contributed to what US Department of Health and Human Services Secretary Alex Azar described as 'An epidemic of youth e-cigarette use, which threatens to engulf a new generation in nicotine addiction.' 23 Health messaging campaigns aimed at preventing e-cigarette use among youth thus have several special considerations, including (1) the body of evidence about possible harms related to use is still emerging, and (2) there is little guidance regarding what types of youth-focused e-cigarette prevention messages will be successful.…”

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confidence: 99%

Reactions to electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) prevention messages: results from qualitative research used to inform FDA’s first youth ENDS prevention campaign

et al. 2019

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BackgroundYouth e-cigarette use is a major public health concern. Large-scale tobacco prevention campaigns are a proven strategy to prevent tobacco use. There is a gap in understanding what types of e-cigarette prevention messages might be most effective. This study addresses this gap by reporting youth reactions to health messages aimed at preventing e-cigarette use.MethodsIn 2018, twenty-four focus groups, with 159 teens (12–17) at risk for or experimenting with e-cigarettes were conducted in four cities across the USA. During focus groups, youth responded to creative concepts dealing with (1) the addictive nature of e-cigarettes, (2) the fact that e-cigarettes come in flavours, which may encourage youth initiation, and nicotine which may lead to addiction, or (3) that youth who use e-cigarettes are more likely to use cigarettes. Youth also gave feedback to specific facts about harmful and potentially harmful chemicals in e-cigarettes. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsMessages focusing on addiction alone did not resonate with participants. While youth found the idea that e-cigarettes may contain nicotine and can be addictive believable, with many describing personal experiences of addiction, they questioned how bad this really was, comparing addiction to e-cigarettes to things like being addicted to food. Participants wanted more information about negative consequences of vaping. Concepts paired with strong health effects messages resonated with participants.ConclusionThese focus groups clarified which e-cigarette prevention messages might be most persuasive to teens. Youth in this study responded favourably to messages stating specific health consequences of e-cigarette use.

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“…In another way of researching potential policy impact, a discrete choice experiment was conducted by Shang et al 8 to explore the impact of flavour, device type and health warning messages on youth preference for electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). Fruity and sweet flavours significantly increased the probability of adolescents aged 14–17 years saying they would choose ENDS with menthol over tobacco flavour.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%