The Impact of Exposure to Cartoons Promoting Healthy Eating on Children's Food Preferences and Choices

Gonçalves, Sónia; Ferreira, Rita; Conceição, Eva; Silva, Cátia; Machado, Paulo P. P.; Boyland, Emma; Vaz, Ana

doi:10.1016/j.jneb.2017.12.015

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In their study of children in rural New Zealand, Dresler et al recommended child-focused F&V campaigns should utilize the compelling techniques that are used by large companies to emphasise fun, energy, and colour of the produce [ 41 ]. In addition, cartoons depicting characters choosing healthy food have demonstrated a shift in children’s food choices to healthier options [ 42 ]. An after-school nutrition intervention that was underpinned by the SCT with the aim of improved dietary self-efficacy, included activities focusing on exposure to healthy food, taste testing, and the link between diet and physical activity [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to Address the Complex Challenge of Improving Regional and Remote Children’s Fruit and Vegetable Consumption

et al. 2018

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Fruit and vegetables (F&V) are imperative for good health, yet less than one per cent of Australian children consume these food groups in sufficient quantities. As guided by Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), this paper aimed to: (i) understand key informant perspectives of the amount, types and quality of F&V consumed by rural and remote Western Australian (WA) children; and, (ii) determine strategies that could increase F&V consumption among rural and remote WA children. This qualitative study included 20 semi-structured interviews with health, school/youth and food supply workers, focusing on topics including: quantity and type of F&V consumed and strategies to increase children’s consumption. A thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo qualitative data analysis software (Version 10, 2014. QSR International Pty Ltd., Doncaster, Victoria, Australia). Key informants reported children consumed energy-dense nutrient-poor foods in place of F&V. Strategy themes included: using relevant motivators for children to increase their preference for F&V (i.e., gaming approach, SCT construct of ‘expectations’); empowering community-driven initiatives (i.e., kitchen gardens, SCT construct of ‘environment’); increasing food literacy across settings (i.e., food literacy skills, SCT construct of ‘behavioural capacity’); developing salient messages and cooking tips that resonate with parents (i.e., parent newsletters, SCT construct of ‘self-control’); increasing F&V availability, safety, and convenience (i.e., school provision); and, considering the impact of role models that extend beyond the family (i.e., relatable role models, SCT construct of ‘observational learning’). Overall, a comprehensive strategy that incorporates relevant motivators for children and families, supports local initiatives, reinforces the range of role models that are involved with children and creates healthier environments, is required to increase F&V consumption among children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to Address the Complex Challenge of Improving Regional and Remote Children’s Fruit and Vegetable Consumption

et al. 2018

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“…However, we did not find previous studies of branded high nutritional value foods placed in video format, as this type of food is usually presented as non-branded. Findings about non-branded high nutritional value food placements are not conclusive: although some studies found effects on children's choices [24] and intake [20], most of the previous literature did not [8,21,23]. In a recent study by Binder, Naderer, and Matthes (2019) [38], it was found that a non-branded high nutritional value food (raspberries) did not trigger effects on behavioral responses in children aged 6-10 years.…”

Section: Type Of Food and Modalitymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Additionally, although the studies that analyze the effects of food placements are mostly about branded foods, several studies about non-branded food placements can also be found. To our knowledge, approximately half of the studies about the effectiveness of non-branded food placements have focused on foods placed in videogames [18][19][20][21], whereas the other half have focused on video format, such as cartoons or TV shows [8,[22][23][24]. Regarding the studies that analyze non-branded foods placed in cartoons, we only found one study that investigated the influence of type of food on children's behavior [8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Effects of Non-Branded Foods Placed in Cartoons on Children’s Food Choices through Type of Food, Modality and Age

Villegas-Navas

Montero-Simó

Padilla

2019

IJERPH

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Cartoons are among the most consumed media products by children, especially those at a young age. While branded food placements are not allowed in animated series, non-branded food placements are prevalent. However, little is known about the effects that these food placements might have on children’s eating preferences. In an experimental study with 124 children (51.6% girls, age range: 7–11, Mage = 9.24, and SD = 1.19), 62 children in the experimental condition were exposed to 16 food placements in cartoons, whereas children in the control condition were exposed to cartoon scenes without foods. The healthiness of the placed foods (low nutritional value foods versus high nutritional value foods) as well as the modality of food placements (unimodal versus bimodal) were manipulated. After watching the cartoon scenes, children completed a choice task where each placed food appeared on a separate choice card. Our results indicate that non-branded low nutritional value foods placed in cartoons are an effective strategy in modifying children’s food choices when children are under age 9. We suggest that policy makers, particularly those involved in the content design of cartoons, take these results into account when placing low nutritional value foods in cartoons, especially for an animated series that targets young child audiences.

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“…Of the ten studies that were found, four studies focused on studying vegetable consumption (i.e., attitude, intention, or behavior) [34][35][36][37], two studies on fruit consumption [38,39], two on fruit and vegetable consumption [40,41], and two studies focused on meal selection and food preferences including healthy choices (e.g., water, carrot sticks, strawberries, or a fruit bag) [13,42]. The marketing techniques that were used in these studies were social media influencer marketing [35,37,40], advergames [36,39], promotional characters [34,38,42], product placement [38], and television adverts [13]. Eight out of ten studies focused on children [13,34,36,[38][39][40][41][42], one study included adults [37] and one study included adolescents [35].…”

Section: A Narrative Overview Of the Potential Of Healthy Food Promotionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Marketing in an Obesogenic Environment: a Narrative Overview of the Potential of Healthy Food Promotion to Children and Adults

Folkvord

Hermans

2020

Curr Addict Rep

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Purpose of Review There is abundant evidence that food marketing influences children’s and adults’ food preferences and consumption. As such, exposure to unhealthy food marketing is a widely acknowledged risk factor contributing to the development of overweight and obesity. Less is known about the effects of healthy food promotion on people’s dietary behavior. This narrative review describes research from the past 5 years focused on the effects of healthy food marketing on children’s and adults’ food preferences and dietary intake. Our aim is to gain insight into the potential effects and mechanistic underpinnings of healthy food promotion, thereby building on existing knowledge on underlying mechanisms of the effectiveness of unhealthy food marketing. Recent Findings Only a small number of studies directly examined the effects of healthy food promotion on children’s and adults’ dietary behavior. Most studies targeted children’s fruit and/or vegetable intake and used a variety of marketing techniques, ranging from television adverts to social media influencer marketing. Six out of ten studies found a positive effect of healthy food promotion, indicating that healthy food marketing has the potential to influence dietary behavior. Summary Food marketing is highly effective in stimulating and reinforcing food consumption, in particular for energy-dense foods. Further investigation and experimentation into the efficiency and effectiveness of healthy food promotion are needed to determine how marketing techniques could be used to improve dietary behavior. The healthy food promotion model provides a framework for future research in this area.

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The Impact of Exposure to Cartoons Promoting Healthy Eating on Children's Food Preferences and Choices

Abstract: Future studies may address the effect of prolonged exposure to healthy eating cartoons. Cartoons can be used to promote healthy food choices and can be a part of health promotion campaigns.

Cited by 28 publications

References 22 publications

Strategies to Address the Complex Challenge of Improving Regional and Remote Children’s Fruit and Vegetable Consumption

Strategies to Address the Complex Challenge of Improving Regional and Remote Children’s Fruit and Vegetable Consumption

Investigating the Effects of Non-Branded Foods Placed in Cartoons on Children’s Food Choices through Type of Food, Modality and Age

Food Marketing in an Obesogenic Environment: a Narrative Overview of the Potential of Healthy Food Promotion to Children and Adults

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