The impact of exposure to cafeteria diet during pregnancy or lactation on offspring growth and adiposity before weaning

George, Grace; Draycott, Sally A. V.; Muir, Ronan; Clifford, Bethan; Elmes, M; Langley‐Evans, Simon C.

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50448-x

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The effects of prenatal as compared with postnatal offspring exposure to a maternal obesogenic diet are complex. Indeed, the exposure of offspring to maternal obesity only during lactation can increase adiposity in male offspring (38), highlighting the need to carefully define models. Thus comparison between models should take into consideration any adjustment to litter size that may be a confounder.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental programming of peripheral diseases in offspring exposed to maternal obesity during pregnancy

Shrestha

Ezechukwu²,

Holland

et al. 2020

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Obesity is an increasing global health epidemic that affects all ages, including women of reproductive age. During pregnancy, maternal obesity is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes that lead to complications for the mother. In addition, maternal obesity can increase the risk of poor perinatal outcomes for the infant, due to altered development. Recent research has investigated the effects of maternal obesity on peripheral organ development and health in later life in her offspring. In this review, we have summarised studies that investigated the programming effects of maternal obesity before and during pregnancy on metabolic, cardiovascular, immune and microbiome perturbations in her offspring. Epidemiological studies investigating the effects of maternal obesity on offspring development can be complex due to other co-pathologies and genetic diversity. Animal studies have provided some insights into the specific mechanisms and pathways involved in programming peripheral disease risk. The effect of maternal obesity during pregnancy on offspring development are often sex-specific, with sex-specific changes in placental transport and function suggestive that this organ is likely to play a central role. We believe that this review will assist in facilitating future investigations regarding the underlying mechanisms that link maternal obesity and offspring disease risk in peripheral organs.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental programming of peripheral diseases in offspring exposed to maternal obesity during pregnancy

Shrestha

Ezechukwu²,

Holland

et al. 2020

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…However, the early postnatal period, especially lactation, is sometimes more crucial in increasing the susceptibility to maladaptive metabolic programming. 14,15 Rodent models as a useful tool for studying developmental programming…”

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confidence: 99%

Does early weaning shape future endocrine and metabolic disorders? Lessons from animal models

Souza

Moura

Lisboa

2020

J Dev Orig Health Dis

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Obesity and its complications occur at alarming rates worldwide. Epidemiological data have associated perinatal conditions, such as malnutrition, with the development of some disorders, such as obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, in childhood and adulthood. Exclusive breastfeeding has been associated with protection against long-term chronic diseases. However, in humans, the interruption of breastfeeding before the recommended period of 6 months is a common practice and can increase the risk of several metabolic disturbances. Nutritional and environmental changes within a critical window of development, such as pregnancy and breastfeeding, can induce permanent changes in metabolism through epigenetic mechanisms, leading to diseases later in life via a phenomenon known as programming or developmental plasticity. However, little is known regarding the underlying mechanisms by which precocious weaning can result in adipose tissue dysfunction and endocrine profile alterations. Here, the authors give a comprehensive report of the different animal models of early weaning and programming that can result in the development of metabolic syndrome. In rats, for example, pharmacological and nonpharmacological early weaning models are associated with the development of overweight and visceral fat accumulation, leptin and insulin resistance, and neuroendocrine and hepatic changes in adult progeny. Sex-related differences seem to influence this phenotype. Therefore, precocious weaning seems to be obesogenic for offspring. A better understanding of this condition seems essential to reducing the risk for diseases. Additionally, this knowledge can generate new insights into therapeutic strategies for obesity management, improving health outcomes.

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“…One explanation might be the expression of the data was normalized to body weight in the current study. Furthermore, it was suggested that providing more food items (for example 40 highly palatable energy-dense human food) made the cafeteria diet more successful at sustained hyperphagia and greater weight gain ( George et al, 2019 ). Gugusheff et al (2016) reported similar energy intakes between cafeteria and control dams throughout pre-gestation and gestation periods which may be associated with presenting less food items in cafeteria diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of maternal taurine supplementation on maternal dietary intake, plasma metabolites and fetal growth and development in cafeteria diet fed rats

Çetin¹,

Tuğ²,

Güleç³

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Background Maternal obesity may disrupt the developmental process of the fetus during gestation in rats. Recent evidence suggests that taurine can exert protective role against detrimental influence of obesogenic diets. This study aimed to examine the effect of maternal cafeteria diet and/or taurine supplementation on maternal dietary intake, plasma metabolites, fetal growth and development. Methods Female Wistar rats were fed a control diet (CON), CON supplemented with 1.5% taurine in drinking water (CONT), cafeteria diet (CAF) or CAF supplemented with taurine (CAFT) from weaning. After 8 weeks all animals were mated and maintained on the same diets during pregnancy and lactation. Results Dietary intakes were significantly different between the groups. Both CAF and CAFT fed dams consumed less water in comparison to CON and CONT dams. Taurine supplementation only increased plasma taurine concentrations in CONT group. Maternal plasma adiponectin concentrations increased in CAF and CAFT fed dams compared to CON and CONT fed dams and there was no effect of taurine. Hyperleptinemia was observed in CAF fed dams but not in CAFT fed dams. Malondialdehyde was significantly increased only in CAF fed dams. Litter size, sex ratio and birth weight were similar between the groups. There was an increase in neonatal mortality in CONT group. Discussion This study showed that maternal taurine supplementation exerted modest protective effects on cafeteria diet induced maternal obesity. The increased neonatal mortality in CONT neonates indicates possible detrimental effects of taurine supplementation in the setting of normal pregnancy. Therefore, future studies should investigate the optimal dose of taurine supplementation and long term potential effects on the offspring.

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The impact of exposure to cafeteria diet during pregnancy or lactation on offspring growth and adiposity before weaning

Cited by 13 publications

References 45 publications

Developmental programming of peripheral diseases in offspring exposed to maternal obesity during pregnancy

Developmental programming of peripheral diseases in offspring exposed to maternal obesity during pregnancy

Does early weaning shape future endocrine and metabolic disorders? Lessons from animal models

Effects of maternal taurine supplementation on maternal dietary intake, plasma metabolites and fetal growth and development in cafeteria diet fed rats

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