The Impact of Experimental Temperature and Water Level Manipulation on Carbon Dioxide Release in a Poor Fen in Northern Poland

Samson, Mateusz; Słowińska, Sandra; Słowiński, Michael; Lamentowicz, Mariusz; Barabach, Jan; Harenda, Kamila M.; Zielińska, Małgorzata; Robroek, Bjorn J. M.; Jassey, Vincent E. J.; Buttler, Alexandre; Chojnicki, Bogdan H.

doi:10.1007/s13157-018-0999-4

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…Meanwhile, experiments have confirmed that water level decline has a stronger impact on CO 2 exchange than warming (Oechel et al 1998;Chivers et al 2009;Munir et al 2015;Pearson et al 2015;Laine et al 2019a), and a significant increase in ER has been observed in peatlands when warming is combined with drawdown (Samson et al 2018;Laine et al 2019b). The effects of dry conditions following drawdown on decomposition can be neutral or negative if the environment (e.g., extreme drought or low temperature) reduces microbial activity (Updegraff et al 2001;Allison and Treseder 2008;Lazcano et al 2020), extracellular enzymes (McLatchey and Reddy 1998;Toberman et al 2008;Sinsabaugh 2010;Reczuga et al 2018) or root growth (Palta and Nobel 1989;Rochette, Desjardins, and Pattey 1991;Atkin and Macherel 2009).…”

Section: Effects Of Water Level Alteration On Co 2 Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Ecosystem respiration (ER) under dried conditions is greater than in reference sites, while wetter sites have lower ER rates in boreal, temperate, and tropical peatlands over both short-term (Funk et al 1994;Oechel et al 1998;Bubier et al 2003;Blodau, Basiliko, and Moore 2004;Jauhiainen et al 2005;Strack et al 2006a;Riutta, Laine, and Tuittila 2007;Chivers et al 2009;Dinsmore et al 2009;Laine et al 2009;Sulman et al 2009;Cai, Flanagan, and Syed 2010;Lund et al 2012;Sulman et al 2012;Juszczak et al 2013;Wang et al 2014b;Pearson et al 2015;Chimner et al 2016;Samson et al 2018;Laine et al 2019b;Swails et al 2019b;Planas-Clarke et al 2020) and long-term water level alteration (Chimner and Cooper 2003a;Ballantyne et al 2014;Munir et al , 2015Kasimir et al 2018). See also Table 1.…”

Section: Effects Of Water Level Alteration On Co 2 Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of water level alteration on carbon cycling in peatlands

Zhong

Jiang

Middleton

2020

Ecosyst Health Sustain

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Globally, peatlands play an important role in the carbon (C) cycle. High water level is a key factor in maintaining C storage in peatlands, but water levels are vulnerable to climate change and anthropogenic disturbance. This review examines literature related to the effects of water level alteration on C cycling in peatlands to summarize new ideas and uncertainties emerging in this field. Peatland ecosystems maintain their function by altering plant community structure to adapt to changing water levels. Regarding primary production, woody plants are more productive in unflooded, well-aerated conditions, while Sphagnum mosses are more productive in wetter conditions. The responses of sedges to water level alteration are species-specific. While peat decomposition is faster in unflooded, well aerated conditions, increased plant production may counteract the C loss induced by increased ecosystem respiration (ER) for a period of time. In contrast, rising water table maintains anaerobic conditions and enhances the role of the peatland as a C sink. Nevertheless, changes in DOC flux during water level fluctuation is complicated and depends on the interactions of flooding with environment. Notably, vegetation also plays a role in C flux but particular species vary in their ability to sequester and transport C. Bog ecosystems have a greater resilience to water level alteration than fens, due to differences in biogeochemical responses to hydrology. The full understanding of the role of peatlands in global C cycling deserves much more study due to uncertainties of vegetation feedbacks, peat-water interactions, microbial mediation of vegetation, wildfire, and functional responses after hydrologic restoration.

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Section: Effects Of Water Level Alteration On Co 2 Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Effects Of Water Level Alteration On Co 2 Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of water level alteration on carbon cycling in peatlands

Zhong

Jiang

Middleton

2020

Ecosyst Health Sustain

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“…The C accumulated in peat over centuries and millennia, because cold, acidic, and waterlogged conditions retard decomposition. Peatland C stocks are thought to be especially vulnerable to climate change because rising temperatures and associated hydrologic changes are expected to accelerate decomposition of surficial C stocks (He, He, & Hyvonen, 2016;Wilson et al, 2016), increase ecosystem respiration (Samson et al, 2018), and cause northern peatlands to become net sources of carbon to the atmosphere and exacerbating climatic warming (Gallego-Sala et al, 2018). Hence, peatlands may be one of the most important ecosystems providing feedbacks to global climate change (Bridgham, Pastor, Dewey, Weltzin, & Updegraff, 2008;Hilbert, Roulet, & Moore, 2000;Moore, Roulet, & Waddington, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid loss of an ecosystem engineer: Sphagnum decline in an experimentally warmed bog

Norby

Childs

Hanson

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

154

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Sphagnum mosses are keystone components of peatland ecosystems. They facilitate the accumulation of carbon in peat deposits, but climate change is predicted to expose peatland ecosystem to sustained and unprecedented warming leading to a significant release of carbon to the atmosphere. Sphagnum responses to climate change, and their interaction with other components of the ecosystem, will determine the future trajectory of carbon fluxes in peatlands. We measured the growth and productivity of Sphagnum in an ombrotrophic bog in northern Minnesota, where ten 12.8‐m‐diameter plots were exposed to a range of whole‐ecosystem (air and soil) warming treatments (+0 to +9°C) in ambient or elevated (+500 ppm) CO2. The experiment is unique in its spatial and temporal scale, a focus on response surface analysis encompassing the range of elevated temperature predicted to occur this century, and consideration of an effect of co‐occurring CO2 altering the temperature response surface. In the second year of warming, dry matter increment of Sphagnum increased with modest warming to a maximum at 5°C above ambient and decreased with additional warming. Sphagnum cover declined from close to 100% of the ground area to <50% in the warmest enclosures. After three years of warming, annual Sphagnum productivity declined linearly with increasing temperature (13–29 g C/m2 per °C warming) due to widespread desiccation and loss of Sphagnum. Productivity was less in elevated CO2 enclosures, which we attribute to increased shading by shrubs. Sphagnum desiccation and growth responses were associated with the effects of warming on hydrology. The rapid decline of the Sphagnum community with sustained warming, which appears to be irreversible, can be expected to have many follow‐on consequences to the structure and function of this and similar ecosystems, with significant feedbacks to the global carbon cycle and climate change.

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“…Whenever we are referring to the measured values we use abbreviation WTD, while term “water table treatments” is used when we refer to the levels of manipulation (i.e., DRY, CON, and WET). A subset of the data from the experiment described in this study has already been published elsewhere ( Jassey et al, 2018 ; Lamentowicz et al, 2016 ; Samson et al, 2018 ). The experimental design was described by Lamentowicz et al (2016) , where further details can be found.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental design was described by Lamentowicz et al (2016) , where further details can be found. The effect of warming manipulation on temperature has been published in Samson et al (2018) , a study describing influence of warming and water table treatments on carbon dioxide release.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the responses of Sphagnum micro-eukaryotes to climate changes using high throughput sequencing

Reczuga

Seppey

Mulot

et al. 2020

PeerJ

Self Cite

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Current projections suggest that climate warming will be accompanied by more frequent and severe drought events. Peatlands store ca. one third of the world’s soil organic carbon. Warming and drought may cause peatlands to become carbon sources through stimulation of microbial activity increasing ecosystem respiration, with positive feedback effect on global warming. Micro-eukaryotes play a key role in the carbon cycle through food web interactions and therefore, alterations in their community structure and diversity may affect ecosystem functioning and could reflect these changes. We assessed the diversity and community composition of Sphagnum-associated eukaryotic microorganisms inhabiting peatlands and their response to experimental drought and warming using high throughput sequencing of environmental DNA. Under drier conditions, micro-eukaryotic diversity decreased, the relative abundance of autotrophs increased and that of osmotrophs (including Fungi and Peronosporomycetes) decreased. Furthermore, we identified climate change indicators that could be used as early indicators of change in peatland microbial communities and ecosystem functioning. The changes we observed indicate a shift towards a more “terrestrial” community in response to drought, in line with observed changes in the functioning of the ecosystem.

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The Impact of Experimental Temperature and Water Level Manipulation on Carbon Dioxide Release in a Poor Fen in Northern Poland

Cited by 34 publications

References 78 publications

Effects of water level alteration on carbon cycling in peatlands

Effects of water level alteration on carbon cycling in peatlands

Rapid loss of an ecosystem engineer: Sphagnum decline in an experimentally warmed bog

Assessing the responses of Sphagnum micro-eukaryotes to climate changes using high throughput sequencing

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