The impact of exercise frequency upon microvascular endothelium function and oxidative stress among patients with coronary artery disease

Abstract

Six months of aerobic exercise training performed with high frequency is preferable to low frequency aiming endothelium microvascular function increases in patients with coronary artery disease. The mechanisms involved in this response are unclear and warrant additional research.

Increased vascular function and superoxide dismutase activity in physically active vs inactive adults living with HIV

“…Benefits of exercise training on vascular function have been also reported in individuals with and without cardiovascular disease . For instance, our group has already reported that low‐intensity aerobic exercise training, performed at least three times per week, increased endothelial‐dependent capillary reactivity in patients with type 1 diabetes and coronary artery disease . Prior research has also demonstrated that exercise training improved endothelial function in adolescents with type 2 diabetes and chronic heart failure, compared to sedentary patients who received only standard clinical care.…”

“…17,18,35,36 For instance, our group has already reported that low-intensity aerobic exercise training, performed at least three times per week, increased endothelial-dependent capillary reactivity in patients with type 1 diabetes 37 and coronary artery disease. 38 Prior research has also demonstrated that exercise training improved endothelial function in adolescents with type 2 diabetes 39 and chronic heart failure, 17 compared to sedentary patients who received only standard clinical care. Although our results of vascular function seem to be aligned to prior research in other cohorts, we cannot assure whether there is any peculiarity in HIV-infected patients compared to other cohorts of sedentary vs active individuals, as comparison between them is lacking.…”

The impact of different forms of exercise on circulating endothelial progenitor cells in cardiovascular and metabolic disease

“…In the present systematic review, only a single trial assessed and found that a moderate exercise training intervention led to concomitant improvement in peripheral microcirculation and circulating EPCs in CHF patients (Mezzani et al 2013 ), which possibly suggest that circulating EPCs play a healing role to the injured endothelium at the microcirculatory level. More research is warranted about the link between circulating EPCs and microcirculation during exercise interventions that implement different modalities, intensities and durations given that combined (resistance and aerobic) exercise or increased exercise frequency enhances microcirculation in CAD and MetS patients respectively (Borges et al 2018 ; Marini et al 2019 ).…”

Exercise-mediated adaptations in vascular function and structure: Beneficial effects in coronary artery disease

“…A recent meta-analysis studied the long-term effects of aerobic exercise in patients with coronary artery disease, suggesting a significant enhancement of vascular vasomotor function and coronary flow velocity reserve[ 129 ]. Patients with CAD following a 6-month aerobic exercise training program had higher peak response to acetylcholine when they performed high-frequency exercise compared with low frequency cardiac rehabilitation programs[ 130 ]. In addition, a 2-wk twice daily aquatic endurance plus calisthenics exercise training program in patients with a recent myocardial infarction or revascularization intervention improved both aerobic exercise capacity and vascular endothelial function[ 131 ].…”