The Impact of Employees’ Gender and Age on Organizational Citizenship Behavior Using a Fuzzy Approach

Abstract

Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is vital for continuous organizational growth and development. OCB also plays an evident role in advancing the quality of health care services and practicing OCB in hospitals can be useful. Although OCBs’ contributing factors have been studied in Jordan in earlier researches, the utilization of OCB in health sector is still a new topic. Therefore, this article aimed to investigate the impact of employees’ gender and age on OCB at Jordanian governmental hospitals using a fuzzy approach. A convenient sample of 126 employees working in three main governmental hospitals in the north of Jordan has been taken. The collected data include linguistic terms that suffer from uncertainty which, in turn, cannot be dealt with traditional numerical values. This study indicates that gender impact on OCB has statistically significant differences at α = .05 in favor of males with the total score of 0.011% as far as altruism, courtesy, and civic virtue are concerned. Similarly, the effect of age factor on OCB is statistically significant differences at α = .05 in relation to courtesy, sportsmanship, and civic virtue with the total score of 0.27%. Finally, the results provide baseline data for further studies that may pay more attention toward employees’ demographics in OCB. This study can support mangers and leaders holding dominant positions in public sector health care organizations.

Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Secondary School Teachers A Case of District Quetta, Balochistan

“…Similarly same results have been reported by Abdullah and Kamil (2020) in their study of OCB in public sector institutions in Putrajaya, Malaysia. The findings of this study also support the findings of Ajlouni et al, (2021), who did report that the demographic characteristics of an employee have no significant impact on OCB except gender. Likewise, Mirković and Cizmic (2019) conclude that demographic variables like age, gender and qualification of an individual have a significant impact on individual's OCB.…”

The Relationship between Social Exchange Variables and In-Role Performance, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, and Commitment: Evidence from Israeli Community Centers

“…First, as for gender, there is evidence that despite societal changes, females still perform more household duties than males (Karsten, 1994;Ross, 1987). Therefore, it can be expected that women will have more household responsibilities leading to role conflict and lower levels of work performance and commitment (Ajlouni, Kaur, & Alomari, 2021). Second, marital status is an important correlate of performance because employees who are not married do not have family responsibilities and can have more free time and energy to put more effort into in-role performance and OCB, as well as being more committed to work (Bharthy & Sethi, 2020).…”