The impact of embassies and consulates on tourism

Gil‐Pareja, Salvador; Llorca‐Vivero, Rafael; Martínez‐Serrano, José Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2006.04.016

Cited by 76 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Similar results are displayed by some studies dealing with this issue using gravity models (e.g. Eilat and Einav 2004, Kimura and Lee 2006, Gil-Pareja et al 2007, Phakdisoth and Kim 2007, and Vietze 2008.…”

supporting

confidence: 87%

What's Pushing International Tourism Expenditures?

Vietze

2011

Tourism Economics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in Abstract:In this paper we discuss the determinants which contribute to outbound tourism expenditures. The aim is to show whether and how different socio-economic factors in countries of origin are responsible for the demand, to spent money for tourist activities in foreign countries. While we are able to find a strict robust positive impact of all economic factors like the per capita income and the openness to trade on the tourism expenditures per capita as well as on the tourism expenditure per GDP, most of the sociological factors show rather a weak significance. However, there seems to be somewhat like a corporate openness to tourism as countries which are able to attract high inbound tourism receipts per capita also having high outbound tourism expenditures per capita as well. A further important finding is that people in democratic countries with a high level of civil rights spend a higher share of income for traveling abroad. Our results give us an indirect and encouraging hint that it makes sense for developing countries to sustainable invest in the tourism sector as an increasing willingness to pay for outbound tourism goes hand in hand with an increasing per capita income in the world.

show abstract

supporting

confidence: 87%

What's Pushing International Tourism Expenditures?

Vietze

2011

Tourism Economics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…where X ij represents the trade (or migration flow) from i to j, G is a scale factor, Y i and Y j proxy the economic masses of country of origin (i) and country of destination (j), and D ij is the distance between the two countries.More recently, the Gravity Model is being used to study tourism flows (e.g., Gil-Pareja et al, 2007;Eryigit et al, 2010;Arita et al, 2011;Fourie & Santana-Gallego, 2011;especially to calculate the increase of inbound tourists associated with mega-events (e.g., Olympic Games, World Cup).…”

Section: Methodological Approaches To Examine the Agritourism Demandmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the demand for agritourism: a cursory review of methodologies and practice

Santeramo

Barbieri

2016

Tourism Planning & Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the last decades agritourism has expanded tremendously worldwide givenvisitors'increased interest to appreciate the life in the countryside and farmers' need to enhance their revenuesfrom different economic activities. Despite such enlarged agritourism development, scant information is available on the state of its demand at both national and international levels.Given such a need, we cursory reviewed the range of econometric methods employed to evaluate the demand of agritourism, summarizing the salient findings in their application. Our assessment shows that current studies provide a limited characterization of the agritourism demand, especially in terms of methods utilized and information compiled. We suggest that a broader set of economic approaches are needed to control for existing bias and model flaws, and to isolate thefeatures and amenitiespulling visitors to agritourism destinations. We also suggest expanding economic studies to fully capture the impact of increased agritourism demand in surrounding communities.

show abstract

“…The commonly used form of the model, developed independently by Tinbergen (1962) and Pöyhönen (1963), in international trade is: Durbarry 2000, Gil-Pareja et al 2007). Durbarry (2000) and Gil-Pareja et al (2007) conclude that with the exception of for instance Linneman (1966) or Bergstrand (1985, the equations estimated in the empirical literature have been ad hoc ij u 4 specifications. Although, the first gravity models of trade come without a theoretical foundation, this has changed.…”

Section: The Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural Effects on Inbound Tourism into the USA: A Gravity Approach

Vietze

2012

Tourism Economics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in Abstract:In this paper we discuss the effects of cultural -and particular religious -factors on tourist flows into the USA as the world largest tourism destination. To estimate this empirically we run an augmented gravity equation. Our results give evidence that the gravity equation is an adequate instrument to explain variations in international tourist flows. With respect to the aim of the paper, we have found that cultural proximity between country of origin and country of destination have positive effects on the tourism flows between these countries. In particular, after controlling for a set of geographic variables, people from countries with the same language (English) and the same high governmental rankings like the USA, travel more into the USA for holiday than people from other countries. Above all, we have clear and stable evidence that tourists from Christian countries prefer the USA as holiday destination much stronger than people from other countries. This supports our argument that people wishing to go on holiday to countries with a similar cultural and political background.

show abstract

The impact of embassies and consulates on tourism

Cited by 76 publications

References 9 publications

What's Pushing International Tourism Expenditures?

What's Pushing International Tourism Expenditures?

On the demand for agritourism: a cursory review of methodologies and practice

Cultural Effects on Inbound Tourism into the USA: A Gravity Approach

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About