The impact of economic, social and political factors on the landscape structure of the Vidzeme Uplands in Latvia

Nikodemus, Oļģerts; Bell, Simon; Grı̄ne, Ineta; Liepiņš, Ivars

doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2003.10.005

Cited by 113 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…For example, migration of young people to the cities and to work in other countries, a process that started in the late 1990s but which has grown significantly following accession to the European Union (EU) in 2004 , has also played a major role more recently. However, fertility of the soil is an important factor at the state level but at the local level it has not played a decisive role (Nikodemus et al 2005a). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of European Union single area payments and less favoured area payments on the Latvian landscape

Nikodemus¹,

Bell²,

Penēze³

et al. 2010

European Countryside

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Abstract:At the end of the 20 th century, following the collapse of centralised planned economy of the Soviet Union, the disintegration of collective type of agriculture and the restoration of lands to their pre-war owners, Latvia experienced widespread abandonment of agricultural lands and their gradual re-colonisation by woodland. It has been assumed that following the accession by Latvia to the European Union in 2004 and the incorporation of the agricultural system into the Common Agricultural Policy would stop or reverse the process of land abandonment. The conclusion from examining five geographically diverse rural municipalities is that so far the single area payments have had little effect on hilly mosaic type landscape structure, or on the process of land abandonment.Key words: Agricultural land, agri-environment schemes; European Union (EU) single area payment (SAP), landscape structure, land use changes, EU less favoured area payment (LFAP)Abstrakts: EIROPAS SAVIENĪBAS VIENOTO PLATĪBU MAKSĀJUMU UN ATBALSTĀMO REĢIONU MAKSĀJUMU IETEKME UZ LATVIJAS AINAVAS RAKSTU UN STRUKTŪRU. 20. gs beigās ar centralizētās plānošanas sistēmas sabrukumu un kolektīvo saimniecību likvidāciju un zemes privatizāciju, daudzviet Latvijā lauksaimniecības zemes tika atstātas atmatā un tās pakāpeniski aizauga ar krūmiem un kokiem. Domāja, ka Latvijai iestājoties Eiropas Savienībā un ar iesaistīšanos kopējā lauksaimniecības politikā, samazināsies lauksaimniecības zemju pamešana. Minētā procesa apturēšana sevišķi svarīga ir mozaīkveida ainavās paugurainēs, kur atklātās pļavas un ganības ir nozīmīgs kultūrainavas elements un nodrošina tās bioloģisko daudzveidību. Pētījumā Eiropas Savienības atbalsta maksājumu ietekme uz ainavas rakstu un struktūru tika pētīta piecās ģeogrāfiskā un ainavas ziņā atšķirīgās pašvaldībās. Kā indikatori lauksaimniecības politikas ietekmei uz ainavu tika izmantoti vienotie platību maksājumi un atbalstāmo reģionu maksājumi.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of European Union single area payments and less favoured area payments on the Latvian landscape

Nikodemus¹,

Bell²,

Penēze³

et al. 2010

European Countryside

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“…In these countries, the continuous increase in forest area in recent decades can be attributed in particular to natural forest regrowth [1,7,13,24,29]. It often occurs in agricultural areas below the treeline when cultivation is abandoned because it ceases to be viable under the changing economic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural forest regrowth as a proxy variable for agricultural land abandonment in the Swiss mountains: a spatial statistical model based on geophysical and socio-economic variables

Gellrich

Baur

Zimmermann

2007

Environ Model Assess

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In many European mountain regions, natural forest regrowth on abandoned agricultural land and the related consequences for the environment are issues of increasing concern. We developed a spatial statistical model based on multiple geophysical and socio-economic variables to investigate the pattern of natural forest regrowth in the Swiss mountain area between the 1980s and 1990s. Results show that forest regrowth occurred primarily in areas with low temperature sum, intermediate steepness and soil stoniness as well as close to forest edges and relatively close to roads. Model results suggest that regions with weak labor markets are favored in terms of land abandonment and forest regrowth. We could not find an effect of population change on land abandonment and forest regrowth. Therefore, we conclude that decision makers should consider non-linearities in the pattern of forest regrowth and the fact that labor markets have an effect on land abandonment and forest regrowth when designing measures to prevent agricultural land abandonment and natural forest regrowth in the Swiss mountains.

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“…Opúšťanie poľnohospodárskej pôdy je súčasťou procesov marginalizácie krajiny na jednej strane a intenzifikácie na strane druhej, s výrazným dopadom na vzhľad krajiny, ako aj biodiverzitu (Nikodemus et al, 2005). Opúšťanie poľnohospodárskej pôdy v oblasti centrálnej a východnej Európy pozorované v posledných dekádach je osobitným príkladom týchto procesov, ako priamy dopad socio-ekonomických zmien (Tullus et al, 2013).…”

Section: úVodunclassified

Abandoning of Agricultural Landscape on the Example of Selected Mountain Municipalities of Podpoľanie

Masný¹

2016

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The contribution deals with abandoning of agriculture land of the chosen mountain village area (cadastres Povrazník and Strelníky ÚvodSlovenské poľnohospodárstvo a následne poľnohospodárska krajina prešla za obdobie posledných desaťročí veľmi výraznými zmenami, ktoré priniesli svoje pozitívne, ako aj negatívne dopady. Tieto zmeny je obzvlášť vhodné analyzovať v podhorských a horských oblastiach, ktoré z hľadiska charakteru krajiny a úrodnosti pôd nemožno označovať za typicky poľnohospodárske. Poľnohospodárstvo a poľnohospodárska krajina tu má svoje charakteristické črty, ktoré dokumentujú historický vývoj týchto oblastí a dotvárajú ich prírodnú hodnotu.Etapa slovenského poľnohospodárstva od roku 1989 až po vstup do Európskej únie sa zvykne nazývať ako transformačné obdobie (Zaušková, Krajčovič, 2011). Po roku 1989 sa v dôsledku spoločensko-politických zmien ocitlo hospodárstvo Československa v recesii (Ižáková, 1994). Poľnohospodárstvo začalo čeliť veľmi pomalej reštrukturalizácii s problematickými privatizáciami štátnych majetkov a prudkým nárastom agrárnej nezamestnanosti. Transformácia bola legislatívne upravená zákonom č. 42/1992 Zb. o úprave majetkových vzťahov a vyrovnaní majetkových nárokov v družstvách. Situáciu zhoršovala neujasnenosť vlastníckych vzťahov, reštitúcie, vysoká rozdrobenosť pôdy, rast cien vstupov, nedostatok vlastného kapitálu, dlhy, ako aj nedostatočné úverové zdroje (Pitoňák, 1994). Mnohé družstvá boli transformované na iné právne formy, viaceré zanikli. Začali sa prejavovať výrazné dopady na krajinu, najmä v podobe procesov

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The impact of economic, social and political factors on the landscape structure of the Vidzeme Uplands in Latvia

Cited by 113 publications

References 5 publications

The influence of European Union single area payments and less favoured area payments on the Latvian landscape

The influence of European Union single area payments and less favoured area payments on the Latvian landscape

Natural forest regrowth as a proxy variable for agricultural land abandonment in the Swiss mountains: a spatial statistical model based on geophysical and socio-economic variables

Abandoning of Agricultural Landscape on the Example of Selected Mountain Municipalities of Podpoľanie

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