The Impact of Dual-Fairness Concerns Under Different Power

Yang, Tianjian; Liu, Guangdong; Yao, Wenxi; Zhang, Xuemei; Xiang, Dong

doi:10.4018/ijeis.2019070101

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…By substituting formula (17) for formula (5), the profit of the manufacturer can be obtained. the profit of the manufacturer is concerning the wholesale price and carbon emission reduction level.…”

Section: The Retailer Power Control Structure With a Contract On Wholmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e sm * = 2kθ 2 2θk − γ 2 + 2k (19) By substituting (18) and (19) for (17), the optimal wholesale price is…”

Section: The Retailer Power Control Structure With a Contract On Wholmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blockbuster video rental company first hired a revenue-sharing agreement, and achieved great success, thus attracting the attention of many scholars. This form of contract has been widely used in the supply chain [16,17]. In a dual-channel supply chain, revenue-sharing contracts are used to coordinate the conflicts of interest between different distribution channel providers [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Green Supply Chain Decisions Under Different Power Structures: Wholesale Price vs. Revenue Sharing Contract

Liu

Sun

2020

IJERPH

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In the market, once consumers have a low-carbon preference, they will choose green low-carbon products. The market demand for green products is not only related to product price, but also consumers’ low-carbon preference. In this way, enterprise has to consider the cost of carbon emissions in the process of production and operation. In this paper, we consider a two-level supply chain system composed of a manufacturer and a retailer. The supply chain system can determine the price of products and the level of carbon emission reduction through different supply chain contracts: wholesale price contract and revenue sharing contract. However, the power control structure of a manufacturer and a retailer is different, which will further affect the decision-making strategy of the supply chain system. We set up four models (Wholesale Price—NM and NR, and Revenue-Sharing—SR and SM) of the supply chain with carbon emission reduction, and calculated and analyzed. The results show that firstly, regardless of whether the manufacturer's power control structure or the retailer power structure is dominant, the manufacturer wholesale price with a contract on revenue-sharing is always higher than on wholesale price, and it is inversely proportional to the revenue-sharing proportion. Secondly, under the two power control structures, the carbon emission level of the manufacturer with a contract on revenue-sharing is always lower than on wholesale price, and it gradually decreases with the increase of the revenue-sharing proportion of the manufacturers. Thirdly, when the retailer dominates the supply chain, the retailer selling price with a contract on revenue-sharing is always higher than on wholesale price. Under the manufacturer's power control structure, when the revenue-sharing ratio is small, the retailer selling price with a contract on revenue-sharing is higher than on wholesale price; when the revenue-sharing ratio is large, the retailer selling price with a contract on revenue-sharing is lower than on wholesale price. Finally, the validity of the model is verified by an example, and the sensitivity of the parameters is analyzed.

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Section: The Retailer Power Control Structure With a Contract On Wholmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e sm * = 2kθ 2 2θk − γ 2 + 2k (19) By substituting (18) and (19) for (17), the optimal wholesale price is…”

Section: The Retailer Power Control Structure With a Contract On Wholmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Green Supply Chain Decisions Under Different Power Structures: Wholesale Price vs. Revenue Sharing Contract

Liu

Sun

2020

IJERPH

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“…Given the dual economic characteristics of China and the "promotion tournament" characterizing local governments, enterprises frequently engage in the deceitful stimulation of incentives, leading to the breakdown of government-enterprise incentive contracts [53]. Under conditions of information asymmetry and risk aversion differences, local governments are more inclined to collude with enterprises, raising concerns for the central government regarding the delegation of power and generating delegation costs [54,55]. Although the active performance of local governments has facilitated the flexible transformation of the market economy and created a favorable innovation atmosphere, issues such as benchmark competition, the pursuit of financial resources, and soft budget constraints have forced local governments to constantly adjust their risk preferences to maximize their own benefits [56,57].…”

Section: Principal-agent Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Contractual Mechanisms in National Park Management: A Multi-Task Principal–Agent Model

Lin,

Wen

2024

Land

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In the management of national parks, the principal–agent relationship is key to efficient and effective management. Based on multi-task principal–agent theory, this study examines the dual functions of central government incentives and guidance and the objectives of local National Park Administration offices in environmental conservation and reasonable resource utilization. First, this study constructs a multi-task principal–agent model for central and local governments within the national park management system and identifies effective contractual mechanisms. Second, this study examines the relationship between the intensity of central government incentives and the ecological conservation atmosphere coefficient. Third, by integrating the three stages of national park management system advancement, this study explores the central government’s incentive strategies at different stages. The findings indicate that local governments receive limited ecological conservation support, underscoring the need for long-term central government incentives. The findings also confirm that the effective management of national parks by local governments can only be achieved by eliminating external uncertainties, reducing the variable costs of innovative advancements, and controlling risk aversion in local National Park Administration processes. In addition, this study includes empirical data for sensitivity analyses to understand the robustness of the model under different scenarios. This study offers valuable insights and practical suggestions for enhancing national park management.

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“…Additionally, it was discovered that the BDNF protein participates in the development, maturation (differentiation), and maintenance of nerve cells (neurons), hence promoting the survival of these cells [13]. TNF-Alpha, is a proinflammatory cytokine with a wide range of actions that, according to Yang et al [23], has a significant impact on the metabolism and operation of adipose tissue. Numerous disorders, including diabetes, have been related to increased circulating TNF-Alpha, levels.…”

Section: Blood Levels Of Glucose and Brain Tissue Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of lactoferrin administration against brain tissue damage in diabetic rats

Alsharif

2023

J.Umm Al-Qura Univ. Appll. Sci.

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Bovine lactoferrin (bLf), a glycoprotein with iron, Several of Lf's functions intervene through various cell receptors. Its antibacterial, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects Additionally, it has been found that Lf has immunomodulating. We looked into the protective effects of Lf on various brain tissue indicators and histopathological examination of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. This research aimed to check the potential protective effect of lactoferrin verses brain lesion in STZ induced diabetic rat. The rats were split into five groups: Control (C), Diabetic rat (T2D), T2D + Insulin, T2D + Lactoferrin, and T2D + Insulin + Lactoferrin. Diabetes was created in rat groups by administration STZ (60 mg/kg body weight), then rat was sacrificed. The tissues of the Brain and serum had been chosen to analyze biochemical brain tissue indicators, Serum Neuron-Specific Enolase (SNE), Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), and Tissue Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-Alpha). Also, H&E staining was utilized to measure the histological changes of the brain and Comet assay of brain tissue samples for detection of DNA damage. In T2D rat, Lactoferrin corrected aberrant serum levels of SNE, BDNF and TNF-Alpha, in addition, Lactoferrin improves brain pathological changes might be through hypoglycemic, and/or anti-inflammatory actions and reduced DNA damage as compared to diabetic untreated rats. It could be concluded that oral administration of lactoferrin to diabetic rats alone or in combination with insulin treatment for six weeks was found to attenuate the harmful effects of diabetes on brain biomarkers as well as the pathological lesions that occur in the brain tissues of diabetic rats.

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The Impact of Dual-Fairness Concerns Under Different Power

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Green Supply Chain Decisions Under Different Power Structures: Wholesale Price vs. Revenue Sharing Contract

Green Supply Chain Decisions Under Different Power Structures: Wholesale Price vs. Revenue Sharing Contract

Contractual Mechanisms in National Park Management: A Multi-Task Principal–Agent Model

Protective effect of lactoferrin administration against brain tissue damage in diabetic rats

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