The impact of dromedary camel milk on mice gut microbiota

Abstract

The gut microbiota plays an important role in the health and disease resistance of the host. Host health depends on the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract, and imbalance in its composition may leads to certain diseases. This study analyzed the influence that dromedary camel milk has on the gut microbiota of mice. This study characterized the bacterial populations of untreated [Control (C) and camel milk-treated Raw (R), Pasteurized (P), and Fermented (F)] C57BL/6 J mice feces using high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform. In total, 286,606 tags were generated, with an average of 71,651 tags being generated per group, and these tags were clustered to the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at 97% sequence similarity, resulting 1090 OTUs. Significant weight gain was observed among all of the groups, and the total cholesterol level declined in F group followed by in group P compared to group C. The F and P groups demonstrated a correlation between the beneficial microbiota structures that corresponded with lower cholesterol levels than those observed in the other groups. The major dominant bacteria correspond to the phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. The dromedary camel milk propagated the beneficial bacteria (Allobaculum and Akkermansia) and reduced harmful bacteria such as Proteobacteria, Erysipelotrichaceae, and Desulfovibrionaceae. This study provides a comparative analysis of the gut microbiota of mice based on camel milk, which may be helpful in understanding host health and diverse gut microbial conditions.

Beneficial probiotic bacteria prevalence in different lactating dromedary camel milk of Saudi Arabia

“…The DNA samples were analyzed for subsequent analysis of PCR, library construction, sequencing (DNA nanoball (DNB)) on illumina Miseq platform and bioinformatics by BGI, Hong Kong. The universal primers (319F and 806 R) ( Sheikh et al, 2022 ) used in PCR were forward 5′-ACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAG-3′ and reverse 5′-GGACTACHVGGGTWTCTAAT-3′.…”

“…Various microbial groups including beneficial bacteria inhabit camel's milk. In our previous metagenomics study, it was highlighted the existence of beneficial microbiota such as Allobaculum and Akkermansia from various fermented and pasteurized camel milk ( Sheikh et al, 2022 ). Additionally, the total cholesterol level was decreased in the fermented camel milk than in the other milk groups ( Sheikh et al, 2022 ).…”

“…In our previous metagenomics study, it was highlighted the existence of beneficial microbiota such as Allobaculum and Akkermansia from various fermented and pasteurized camel milk ( Sheikh et al, 2022 ). Additionally, the total cholesterol level was decreased in the fermented camel milk than in the other milk groups ( Sheikh et al, 2022 ). There are many research works that state that camel milk has the potential against several diseases such as diabetes, allergy, gastrointestinal ulcers, and liver disorders etc, (Avi Levy et al, 2013 , Sharma and Singh, 2014 , Zibaee et al, 2015 ).…”

Modulatory effect of camel milk on intestinal microbiota of mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

“…Treatment of obesity and type II diabetes by improving intestinal flora has been reported ( 29 – 31 ). Camel milk has also been reported to alter intestinal flora in mice, which increased the relative abundance of Allobaculum and Akkermansia and a decreased Erysipelotrichaceae and Desulfovibrionaceae ( 32 ). Therefore, camel milk can be considered to be used to regulate the intestinal flora of NAFLD mice and improve the metabolic status of the body, alleviating NAFLD.…”