The impact of dietary supplementation with astaxanthin on egg quality in Atlantic cod broodstock (Gadus morhua, L.)

Astaxanthin is a high value keto‐carotenoid pigment renowned for its commercial application in various industries comprising aquaculture, food, cosmetic, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical. Among the verified bio‐resources of astaxanthin are red yeast Phaffia rhodozyma and green alga Haematococcus pluvialis. The supreme antioxidant property of astaxanthin reveals its tremendous potential to offer manifold health benefits among aquatic animals which is a key driving factor triggering the upsurge in global demand for the pigment. Numerous scientific researches devoted over a number of years have persistently demonstrated the instrumental role of astaxanthin in targeting several animal health conditions. This review article evaluates the current best available evidence to judge the beneficial usage of astaxanthin in aquaculture industry. Most apparent is the profound effect on pigmentation, where astaxanthin is frequently utilized as an additive in formulated diets to boost and improve the coloration of many aquatic animal species, and subsequently product quality and price. Moreover, the wide range of other physiological benefits that this biological pigment confers to these animals is also presented which include various improvements in survival, growth performance, reproductive capacity, stress tolerance, disease resistance and immune‐related gene expression.

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“…), red sea bream Pagrus major (Watanabe & Miki ) and Atlantic cod G. morhu a (Sawanboonchun et al . ). Hartmann et al .…”

Section: Uses and Benefits Of Astaxanthinmentioning

confidence: 97%

Astaxanthin as feed supplement in aquatic animals

Lim

Yusoff

Shariff

et al. 2017

Reviews in Aquaculture

291

208

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“…In sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka Walbaum), for example, up to 85% of the total body carotenoids may be present in ripening eggs (Crozier 1970). Egg carotenoids are known to reduce the susceptibility of embryonic tissues to oxidative stress , and their positive effects on fertilization rates, early survival and early growth rates have been documented in fishes (Torrissen 1984;Salze et al 2005;Ahmadi et al 2006;Sawanboonchun et al 2008;Tyndale et al 2008) as well as in a wide range of other taxa (e.g., George et al 2001;McGraw et al 2005a). Consequently, there might be strong selection pressure on females to invest large amounts of these valuable resources to eggs, instead of 'wasting' them on ornaments and the question has been asked whether female colour may have evolved solely as a non-adaptive, correlated trait resulting from female selection for male colour in species expressing sexual coloration in both sexes (i.e., the genetic correlation hypothesis; Lande 1980;Amundsen 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Does Breeding Ornamentation Signal Genetic Quality in Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus?

Janhunen¹,

Peuhkuri²,

Primmer

et al. 2010

Evol Biol

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Genetic theories of sexual selection predict that most ornamental secondary sexual traits provide reliable indication of the genetic quality of their bearers. Accordingly, also the offspring of mates with elaborate mating display should perform better than those of less conspicuous counterparts. In this study, we used Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) as a model species to investigate whether the variation in a carotenoid-based red breeding coloration (a sexually dichromatic trait) in different sexes would reflect differences in individual genetic variability, one measure of individual quality, and/or indirectly, be manifested in variation in the offspring's early viability and growth. We created maternal half-sibling families by artificially fertilizing the eggs with milt from bright-and pale-coloured males and then held the resulting progenies under identical hatchery conditions. The expression of red coloration among parental fish was not associated with their genetic diversity estimates in either sex nor did offspring sired by bright males consistently differ in terms of embryo survival or endogenous growth efficiency from offspring sired by pale males. By contrast, maternal effects were notably strong and, additionally, the degree of female coloration was negatively linked to their reproductive potential. The more intensely coloured females had a smaller relative fecundity and they also produced offspring of lower viability, implying a significant trade-off in resource allocation between ornamentation and offspring. Our results indicate that the red breeding ornamentation of Arctic charr is likely to be informative rather among females than males when the reproductive quality is predicted on grounds of the number of offspring produced. Nevertheless, this study does not support the direct selection hypothesis in explaining the evolution of female ornamentation, but rather suggests that the less intense coloration of female charr compared to males may reflect inter-sexual differences in the trade-off between natural and sexual selection.

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“…In Atlantic cod, factors controlling egg quality are not well understood (Sawanboonchun et al 2008). Therefore, we undertook research to identify and characterize egg yolk and non-yolk cytoplasmic components, and to investigate their effect on egg quality (Lanes et al 2012a;Lanes et al 2012b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua L.) Early Embryos from Farmed and Wild Broodstocks

et al. 2013

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A number of efforts have been made to elucidate factors regulating egg quality in fish. Recently, we have shown that eggs originating from wild broodstock (WB) of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) are of superior quality to those derived from farmed broodstock (FB), and this is associated with differences in chemical composition of egg yolk. However, non-yolk cytoplasmic components accumulated during oogenesis, such as maternal transcripts, have not been studied extensively in fish. The aim of the present study was to characterize putative maternal mRNA transcriptome in fertilized eggs of Atlantic cod, and to compare transcript pools between WB and FB in order to investigate the relation between egg developmental potential and putative maternal mRNA deposits. We performed high-throughput 454 pyrosequencing. For each WB and FB groups, five cDNA libraries were individually tagged and sequenced, resulting in 98,687 (WB) and 119,333 (FB) average reads per library. Sequencing reads were de novo assembled, annotated, and mapped. Out of 13,726 identified isotigs, 238 were differentially expressed between WB and FB, with 155 isotigs significantly upregulated (P<0.05; fold change ≥2.0) in WB. The sequence reads were mapped to 11,340 different Atlantic cod transcripts and 158 sequences were differentially expressed between the two groups. Important transcripts involved in fructose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation were differentially represented between the two broodstock groups, showing potential as biomarkers of egg quality in teleosts. Our findings contribute to the hypothesis that maternal mRNAs affect the egg quality and, consequently, early development of fish.

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The impact of dietary supplementation with astaxanthin on egg quality in Atlantic cod broodstock (Gadus morhua, L.)

Cited by 58 publications

References 33 publications

Astaxanthin as feed supplement in aquatic animals

Astaxanthin as feed supplement in aquatic animals

Does Breeding Ornamentation Signal Genetic Quality in Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus?

Transcriptome of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua L.) Early Embryos from Farmed and Wild Broodstocks

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