The impact of diabetes on visual acuity in Ethiopia, 2021

Asemu, Mulu Tiruneh; Ahunie, Mengesha Assefa

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0256145

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…On the other hand, the finding of this study was lower than the previous studies conducted in Dessie Ethiopia 37.57% [ 15 ], Gondar Ethiopia 70.06% [ 14 ], and Yemen 76.5% [ 29 ]. This discrepancy might be due to the variation in the definition of visual impairment, study setting, and socio-demographic characteristics of study participants.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

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Prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among adult diabetic patients visiting Adare General Hospital, Hawassa, South Ethiopia, 2022

2022

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Background The increased prevalence of visual impairment among diabetic patients has become a major public health problem. However, there was limited information on the extent of visual impairment among diabetic patients in our country, and there was no study in the study area. Providing updated data regarding this area is critical for the prevention of visual impairment among diabetic patients. Purpose The study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among adult diabetic patients visiting Adare General Hospital, Hawassa, South Ethiopia, 2022. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on adult diabetic patients from May 30 to July 15, 2022, at Adare General Hospital, Hawassa, South Ethiopia. A systematic random sampling method was used to select 398 study participants. Data was collected through a face-to-face interview, a medical chart review, and an ocular examination. A binary logistic regression was performed to identify potential risk factors for visual impairment and their strength of association was expressed using an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Variables with a P-value of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Result In this study, a total of 391 participants were involved, with a response rate of 98.2%. The prevalence of visual impairment was 28.6% (95% CI: 24.6–33.0). Age ≥ 60 years (AOR = 4.03, 95% CI: 1.72, 10.71), poor physical exercise (AOR = 3.26, 95% CI: 1.62, 6.53), poor glycemic control (AOR = 4.34, 95% CI: 2.26, 8.34), history of eye examination (AOR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.50, 5.76), duration of diabetes ≥ 9 years (AOR = 4.78, 95% CI: 2.11, 10.83) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (AOR = 3.01, 95% CI: 1.21, 7.50) were positively associated with visual impairment. Conclusion The study found a high prevalence of visual impairment among adult diabetic patients. Older age, longer duration of diabetes, poor physical exercise, poor glycemic control, history of eye examination, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy were significantly associated with visual impairment. Thus, regular physical activity, good control of glucose levels, and regular eye exams were recommended for all diabetic patients.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

“…In Africa, the prevalence of visual impairment among diabetic patients ranges from 17.1% to 78.25% [ 10 – 13 ]. Studies done in Dessie and Gondar, Ethiopia showed that the prevalence of visual impairment among diabetic patients was 37.58% and 70.06%, respectively [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among adult diabetic patients visiting Adare General Hospital, Hawassa, South Ethiopia, 2022

2022

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“…Four studies with an agreed quality score of less than six36 47–49 were disallowed to this meta-analysis to be confident that the reported results reflect the true nature of the data. One study done at refugee camps was banned from this meta-analysis, because it may include non-Ethiopian population 50…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the current meta-analysis, a total of 96 101 participants were included to estimate the pooled prevalence of blindness in Ethiopia. The studies were conducted in the different parts of Ethiopia: Nationwide,7 36 Oromia Region,51 Amhara Region,16 48 49 52–60 Tigray Region,61 Southern Nation Nationalities Peoples Region (SNNPR),62–66 Gambella and Benishangul Gumuz Regions,50 Addis Ababa City Administration8 67 68 and unspecified (ie, area) school-based study 47. All of the studies were published.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pooled prevalence of blindness in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2022

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Blindness is defined as presenting visual acuity worse than 3/60 in the better eye. Its highest proportion has been conforming to the developing countries such as Ethiopia. So, timely information is crucial to design strategies. However, the study on the magnitude of blindness in Ethiopia was outdated which means it was conducted in 2005–2006. Therefore, this study was proposed to estimate the pooled prevalence of blindness in Ethiopia.Databases like PubMed, Cochrane library, Google Scholar and references of retrieved articles were used to search for articles. A standard data extraction approach was employed and presented using Preferred Reporting of Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale quality assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of studies. Analysis held using STATA V.11. The funnel plot and Egger’s regression test were applied to check for the potential sources of bias. Heterogeneity among the studies was tested using I² statistics that have been calculated and compared with the standard. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis were done to identify the potential sources of heterogeneity. Estimation of blindness was carried out using Duval and Twee die’s trim and fill analysis. The pooled prevalence of blindness in Ethiopia is found to be 1.18% (95% CI 0.650% to 1.706%). Blindness is among the main public health difficulties in Ethiopia. So, it demands up-to-date strategies and its implementation, preventive and curative eye care service with affordable and accessible interventions, and evidence-based advocacy. The trial Registration Number is CRD42021268448.

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“…Sample size was determined using a single population–proportion formula considering parameters of prevalence of DR of 29.9% 25 and taking into consideration a 5% margin of error, 95% CI, and a possible 10% nonresponse ( p =29.9%, n=354). Since the source population was <10,000 we used a correction formula accordingly — — and the overall sample size was 283.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy among Adult Diabetes Patients in Southeast Ethiopia: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Sahiledengle¹,

Assefa²,

Negash³

et al. 2022

OPTH

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Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most prevalent microvascular consequence of diabetes mellitus, and it can result in blindness that is irreversible. Due to delayed diagnosis and limited access to diabetic care, the situation is even worse in developing countries. Scientific evidence on the prevalence of DR and its associated factors among diabetes patients in low-income countries, such as Ethiopia, is limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of DR and associated factors among adult diabetes patients in southeast Ethiopia. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among diabetes patients who visited Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital. Fundus and slit-lamp examination were performed for screening of DR. Multivariate binary logistic regression was computed to identify factors associated with DR. Results A total of 256 patients (144 men, 56.2%) aged 50.15±15.71 years were included in the study. The prevalence of any DR was 19.9% (95% CI 15.4%–25.3%), mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) 10.9% (95% CI 7.6%–15.4%), moderate NPDR 5.9% (95% CI 3.5%–9.5%), severe NPDR 0.9% (95% CI 0.2%–3.9%), and proliferative DR 2.3% (95% CI 1.0%–5.1%). Duration of diabetes ≥10 years (AOR 10.22, 95% CI 1.70–61.44), central obesity (AOR 5.42, 95% CI 1.38–21.19), overweight/obese (AOR 2.65, 95% CI 1.02–6.92), lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (AOR 5.82, 95% CI 1.86–18.24), moderate triglyceride:HDL cholesterol ratio (AOR 4.13, 95% CI 1.13–15.15), and urban dwelling (AOR 2.84, 95% CI 1.04–7.78) were significantly associated with DR. Conclusion One in every five DM patients had DR. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and blood lipids were independently associated with DR. To reduce the burden of diabetes, strategies that focus on lifestyle modifications targeted at identified modifiable risk factors are essential.

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The impact of diabetes on visual acuity in Ethiopia, 2021

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among adult diabetic patients visiting Adare General Hospital, Hawassa, South Ethiopia, 2022

Prevalence and associated factors of visual impairment among adult diabetic patients visiting Adare General Hospital, Hawassa, South Ethiopia, 2022

Pooled prevalence of blindness in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy among Adult Diabetes Patients in Southeast Ethiopia: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

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