The impact of dementia, depression and awareness on activities of daily living in a sample from a middle‐income country

Abstract

The findings highlight the importance of developing interventions and compensatory strategies to prevent loss of ADL in dementia, also suggesting that early intervention in older adults with depression should focus on advanced ADL to prevent social isolation and withdrawal. Finally, the findings indicate that self-information about ADL may be compromised in dementia, so clinicians exploring disability should consider fully different aspects of ADL in this group. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The relationship between perceived functional difficulties and the ability to live well with mild‐to‐moderate dementia: Findings from the IDEAL programme

“…Coefficients were generally similar to the complete case analysis, but standard errors reduced after multiple imputations. 28 However, they did not report current levels of depression, so it is possible that ameliorative treatment may have influenced the results. well.…”

“…2,11,[27][28][29][30][31][32] Functional ability has also been investigated concerning self-rated and informant-rated QoL in dementia, with functional difficulties leading to poorer QoL outcomes. 2,11,[27][28][29][30][31][32] Functional ability has also been investigated concerning self-rated and informant-rated QoL in dementia, with functional difficulties leading to poorer QoL outcomes.…”

“…[33][34][35][36][37][38][39] Investigating QoL in people with mild-to-moderate dementia typically involves use of either self-ratings or informant ratings, 40 and it is generally accepted that people with mild-to-moderate dementia can provide valid self-ratings. 28,[42][43][44] However, higher carer stress is consistently associated with lower informant-rated functional ability 45,46 whereas carer stress is typically unrelated to objectively assessed functional performance. 28,[42][43][44] However, higher carer stress is consistently associated with lower informant-rated functional ability 45,46 whereas carer stress is typically unrelated to objectively assessed functional performance.…”

“…In people with dementia, reduced functional ability is consistently associated with higher depression, increased age, lower education, and poorer cognitive status. 2,11,[27][28][29][30][31][32] Functional ability has also been investigated concerning self-rated and informant-rated QoL in dementia, with functional difficulties leading to poorer QoL outcomes. [33][34][35][36][37][38][39] Investigating QoL in people with mild-to-moderate dementia typically involves use of either self-ratings or informant ratings, 40 and it is generally accepted that people with mild-to-moderate dementia can provide valid self-ratings.…”

“…39 In contrast, for assessing functional ability, informant ratings are the primary method of assessment, 2,41 often assumed to be the more accurate, with cognitive decline precluding the possibility of obtaining valid selfratings. 28,[42][43][44] However, higher carer stress is consistently associated with lower informant-rated functional ability 45,46 whereas carer stress is typically unrelated to objectively assessed functional performance. 32,46 We recently found that, when comparing self-ratings and informant ratings of functional ability with objective performance, people with mildto-moderate dementia were able to more accurately appraise their functional ability than their informants, with the latter typically underestimating ability.…”