The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare associated infections: A teaching hospital experience

Abstract

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic, with a high capability of contagious distribution, where national secondary and co-infections characterization are lacking. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on infection rates among patients admitted to the intensive care units at King Abdullah University Hospital, profiling the drug resistance rates nationally. This is a cross-sectional study of COVID-19 associated infections that was conducted at a teaching hospital, in the north of Jordan. It included all COVID-19 patients who were admitted to intensive care units during the first and second pandemic waves. Data on age, gender, length of stay, co-morbidities, co-infections and sensitivity to antibiotics were retrospectively collected from the hospital information database. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. A total of 589 COVID-19 patients were included, of whom 20% developed bacterial associated infections. The ratio of bacterial co-infection to secondary infections was 1:8. Gram-negative bacteria, Acinetobacter baumannii (40.1%) , Eschericia coli (17.5%), Klebsiella pneumonia (6.8%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.1%) were the most abundant isolated species. The detection rates of E coli (ESBL), K pneumonia (ESBL), A baumannii (CRO), P aeruginosa (CRO), S aureus (MRSA) were 52%, 67%, 97%, 44%, and 67%, respectively.

Post-Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Antimicrobial Resistance

“… Type and Number of Patients Germs’ Resistance Main Antibiotic Resistance Reference 340 outpatients/inpatients E. coli , Klebsiella , S. aureus (MSSA) , S. aureus (MRSA) , P. aeruginosa., and Enterobacter species Cotrimoxazole, piperacillin, ceftazidime, and cefepime [ 38 ] 102 ICU patients A. baumannii , K. pneumoniae , and S. maltophilia Carbapenem and methicillin [ 39 ] 190 ICU patients K. pneumoniae , A. baumannii , S. maltophilia , C. albicans , and Pseudomonas spp. Carbapenem [ 40 ] 750 ICU patients A. baumannii , and K. pneumonia MDR, carbapenem [ 41 ] 611 ICU patients Acinetobacter spp.…”