The impact of COVID-19 outbreak on the incidence of acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis

Ismaiel, Wael F.; Abdelazim, Mohamed H.; Eldsoky, Ibrahim; Ibrahim, Ahmed Abd Alrahman; Alsobky, Mahmoud E.; Zafan, Ebtesam; Hasan, Abdulkarim

doi:10.1016/j.amjoto.2021.103080

Cited by 70 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vulnerability of COVID-19 patients to mucormycosis has been attributed to presence of diabetes, use of immunosuppressive therapy in moderate to severe cases, ICU stay and mechanical ventilation. 8,13,14 The median age of affliction of CA-ROCM patients has been reported as 44.5, 51.9, 52 and 55 years with male predilection of 60%, 71%, 66% and 79% respectively. [5][6][7]15 The demographic profile in our series was similar to previous reports, the median age being 57 with 75% male preponderance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral-Mucormycosis During the COVID-19 Second Wave in 2021 – A Preliminary Report from a Single Hospital

Arora¹,

Goel²,

Khanam³

et al. 2021

OPTH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose To list the clinico-epidemiological profile and possible risk factors of COVID-19 associated rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (CA-ROCM) patients presenting to a COVID dedicated hospital during the second wave of COVID-19 in India. Patients and Methods A cross-sectional, single-center study was done on 60 cases of probable CA-ROCM based on clinical features and supportive diagnostic nasal endoscopic findings and/or radiologic findings. Patients with recent or active COVID-19 were included. The demographic profile, clinical features, possible risk factors and diagnostic workup (microbiological, pathological and radiological) were analysed to identify the triggering factors for CA-ROCM. Results The age of patients ranged from 29 to 75 years and male–female ratio was 3:1. The duration between the first positive COVID report and onset of CA-ROCM was 0 to 47 days. Forty-nine (81.66%) patients had a recent COVID infection and 11 (18.33%) had active COVID infection at presentation. Thirty-five patients (58%) had ocular/orbital involvement at presentation. In the affected eye, 10 had no perception of light and in the rest visual acuity ranged from log MAR 0 to +1.5. Ocular manifestations were ptosis (29), ophthalmoplegia (23), periocular tenderness and edema (33), proptosis (14), black discoloration of eyelids (3), facial palsy (3), endophthalmitis (4), retinal artery occlusion (8), disc edema (4) and disc pallor (5). Twenty-two (25%) patients had neither received steroids nor oxygen. Thirty patients (50%) were managed with oxygen while 38 patients (63.3%) with systemic steroids. The most common risk factor was diabetes in 59 patients. The average glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was 10.31 ± 2.59%. Systemic Amphotericin B was started in all the patients. Radical surgical debridement was performed in 12 patients and the remaining were planned. Conclusion SARS-CoV-2 variant with accompanying glycaemic dysregulation was found to be the triggering factor for the epidemic of CA-ROCM.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral-Mucormycosis During the COVID-19 Second Wave in 2021 – A Preliminary Report from a Single Hospital

Arora¹,

Goel²,

Khanam³

et al. 2021

OPTH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We excluded five of these 39 citations, reporting on 2293 cases (3 citations from India [n = 2272], one each from Iran [n = 10], and Egypt [n = 11]), where individual patient details were not available. [25,33,36,37,44]. Finally, we included 275 reported cases of CAM, of which 233 were reported from India and 42 from the rest of the world (most commonly from Iran [n = 19], the USA [n = 9], and others).…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Cam In India Versus the Rest Of The Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis: India Versus the Rest of the World

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The literature search found 12 observational studies, in which 3126 cases of mucormycosis were described [18,45,61,[169][170][171][172][173][174][175][176][177], the average incidence of which was 8.6%. As shown in Table 7 (detailed information about individual studies is given in Table S7), most of the patients were males (70.6%), had diabetes mellitus (76.1%), received systemic steroids for COVID-19 (73.8%), and developed mucormycosis concomitantly with COVID-19.…”

Section: Observational Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Fungal Infections Complicating COVID-19: A Narrative Review

Casalini

Giacomelli

Ridolfo

et al. 2021

JoF

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) can complicate the clinical course of COVID-19 and are associated with a significant increase in mortality, especially in critically ill patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). This narrative review concerns 4099 cases of IFIs in 58,784 COVID-19 patients involved in 168 studies. COVID-19-associated invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is a diagnostic challenge because its non-specific clinical/imaging features and the fact that the proposed clinically diagnostic algorithms do not really apply to COVID-19 patients. Forty-seven observational studies and 41 case reports have described a total of 478 CAPA cases that were mainly diagnosed on the basis of cultured respiratory specimens and/or biomarkers/molecular biology, usually without histopathological confirmation. Candidemia is a widely described secondary infection in critically ill patients undergoing prolonged hospitalisation, and the case reports and observational studies of 401 cases indicate high crude mortality rates of 56.1% and 74.8%, respectively. COVID-19 patients are often characterised by the presence of known risk factors for candidemia such as in-dwelling vascular catheters, mechanical ventilation, and broad-spectrum antibiotics. We also describe 3185 cases of mucormycosis (including 1549 cases of rhino-orbital mucormycosis (48.6%)), for which the main risk factor is a history of poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (>76%). Its diagnosis involves a histopathological examination of tissue biopsies, and its treatment requires anti-fungal therapy combined with aggressive surgical resection/debridement, but crude mortality rates are again high: 50.8% in case reports and 16% in observational studies. The presence of other secondary IFIs usually diagnosed in severely immunocompromised patients show that SARS-CoV-2 is capable of stunning the host immune system: 20 cases of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, 5 cases of cryptococcosis, 4 cases of histoplasmosis, 1 case of coccidioides infection, 1 case of pulmonary infection due to Fusarium spp., and 1 case of pulmonary infection due to Scedosporium.

show abstract

The impact of COVID-19 outbreak on the incidence of acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis

Cited by 70 publications

References 33 publications

Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral-Mucormycosis During the COVID-19 Second Wave in 2021 – A Preliminary Report from a Single Hospital

Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral-Mucormycosis During the COVID-19 Second Wave in 2021 – A Preliminary Report from a Single Hospital

Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis: India Versus the Rest of the World

Invasive Fungal Infections Complicating COVID-19: A Narrative Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About