The Impact of Contrastive Stress on Vowel Acoustics and Intelligibility in Dysarthria

Connaghan, Kathryn; Patel, Rupal

doi:10.1044/2016_jslhr-s-15-0291

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Clinical Implications: The literature has already established clear links between vowel production and intelligibility in patients with only mild dysarthric symptoms (Connaghan & Patel, 2017;Kim et al, 2011;Skodda et al, 2011). Our research adds to the growing body of literature showing that a reduced vowel space as well as an overlap of vowel categories can already be considered as one part of the symptom complex of a beginning Parkinson's disease.…”

Section: General Assessment Of the Participantsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Prominence marking in parkinsonian speech and its correlation with motor performance and cognitive abilities

et al. 2020

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ObjectivesResearch suggests that people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD) do not only suffer from motor but also non-motor impairment. This interdisciplinary study investigated how prominence marking is influenced by problems on the motoric and cognitive level. Materials and methodsWe collected speech production data from 38 native German speakers: 19 PwPD (under medication) with a mild to moderate motor impairment, 13 males and 6 females (mean 66.2 years old, SD = 7.7), and 19 healthy age-and gender-matched control participants (mean 65.4 years old, SD = 9.3). Target words were produced in an accented and unaccented condition within a speech production task. The data were analyzed for intensity, syllable duration, F0 and vowel production. Furthermore, we assessed motor impairment and cognitive functions, i.e. working memory, task-switching, attention control and speed of information processing.

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Section: General Assessment Of the Participantsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Prominence marking in parkinsonian speech and its correlation with motor performance and cognitive abilities

et al. 2020

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“…Increased acoustic vowel contrast is associated with improved speech intelligibility (e.g., Connaghan & Patel, 2017;Kim, Hasegawa-Johnson, & Perlman, 2011;Turner et al, 1995); hence, increased acoustic vowel contrast is highly desirable for these talkers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tongue- and Jaw-Specific Contributions to Acoustic Vowel Contrast Changes in the Diphthong /ai/ in Response to Slow, Loud, and Clear Speech

Mefferd

2017

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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Purpose This study sought to determine decoupled tongue and jaw displacement changes and their specific contributions to acoustic vowel contrast changes during slow, loud, and clear speech. Method Twenty typical talkers repeated “see a kite again” 5 times in 4 speech conditions (typical, slow, loud, clear). Speech kinematics were recorded using 3-dimensional electromagnetic articulography. Tongue composite displacement, decoupled tongue displacement, and jaw displacement during /ai/, as well as the distance between /a/ and /i/ in the F1–F2 vowel space, were examined during the diphthong /ai/ in “kite.” Results Displacements significantly increased during all 3 speech modifications. However, jaw displacements increased significantly more during clear speech than during loud and slow speech, whereas decoupled tongue displacements increased significantly more during slow speech than during clear and loud speech. In addition, decoupled tongue displacements increased significantly more during clear speech than during loud speech. Increases in acoustic vowel contrast tended to be larger during slow speech than during clear speech and were predominantly tongue-driven, whereas those during clear speech were fairly equally accounted for by changes in decoupled tongue and jaw displacements. Increases in acoustic vowel contrast during loud speech were smallest and were predominantly tongue-driven, particularly in men. Conclusions Findings suggest that task-specific patterns of decoupled tongue and jaw displacement change and task-specific patterns of decoupled tongue and jaw contributions to vowel acoustic change across these speech modifications. Clinical implications are discussed.

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“…To determine if MDC and MCID differed across severities, it was necessary to classify participants into severity groups. Although several studies have reported grouping participants by severity of intelligibility deficits (Blaney & Hewlett, 2007;Connaghan & Patel, 2017; dos Santos Barreto & Zazo Ortiz, 2016;Doyle et al, 1997;Hustad, 2006;2007;2008;Kent et al, 1989;Kim, Martin, Hasegawa-Johnson, & Perlman, 2010), these authors used widely varying categories, and these categories were based on differing criteria (e.g., sentence intelligibility on the SIT vs. scaled intelligibility of a conversation sample or reading passage) and different populations (e.g., cerebral palsy, Parkinson's disease). This motivated our use of two different stratification schemes for examining the effect of baseline intelligibility on the MDC: (a) a clinical weighting of dysarthria severity based on clinical acumen of SIT scores and (b) an unbiased stratification of scores based on quantiles of the SIT intelligibility scores, which is presumably assumption free (see Figure 1).…”

Section: Dysarthria Severity Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimally Detectable Change and Minimal Clinically Important Difference of a Decline in Sentence Intelligibility and Speaking Rate for Individuals With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Stipancic

Yunusova

Berry

et al. 2018

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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The purpose of this study was to determine the minimally detectable change (MDC) and minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of a decline in speech sentence intelligibility and speaking rate for individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We also examined how the MDC and MCID vary across severities of dysarthria. Method: One-hundred forty-seven patients with ALS and 49 healthy control subjects were selected from a larger, longitudinal study of bulbar decline in ALS, resulting in a total of 650 observations. Intelligibility and speaking rate in words per minute (WPM) were calculated using the Sentence Intelligibility Test (Yorkston, Beukelman, & Hakel, 2007), and the ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (Cedarbaum et al., 1999) was administered to capture patient perception of motor impairment. The MDC at the 95% confidence level was estimated using the following formula: MDC 95 = 1.96 × √2 × SEM. For estimation of the MCID, receiver operating characteristic curves were generated, and area under the curve and optimal thresholds to maximize sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Results: The MDC for sentence intelligibility was 12.07%, and the MCID was 1.43%. The MDC for speaking rate was 36.57 WPM, and the MCID was 8.80 WPM. Both MDC and MCID estimates varied with severity of dysarthria. Conclusions: The findings suggest that declines greater than 12% sentence intelligibility and 37 WPM are required to be outside measurement error and that these estimates vary widely across dysarthria severities. The MDC and MCID metrics used in this study to detect real and clinically relevant change should be estimated for other measures of speech outcomes in intervention research.

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The Impact of Contrastive Stress on Vowel Acoustics and Intelligibility in Dysarthria

Abstract: Contrastive stress affected vowel formants for both groups. Perceptual results suggest that some speakers with dysarthria may benefit from a contrastive stress strategy to improve vowel intelligibility.

Cited by 19 publications

References 64 publications

Prominence marking in parkinsonian speech and its correlation with motor performance and cognitive abilities

Prominence marking in parkinsonian speech and its correlation with motor performance and cognitive abilities

Tongue- and Jaw-Specific Contributions to Acoustic Vowel Contrast Changes in the Diphthong /ai/ in Response to Slow, Loud, and Clear Speech

Minimally Detectable Change and Minimal Clinically Important Difference of a Decline in Sentence Intelligibility and Speaking Rate for Individuals With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

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