The Impact of Climate Change on Metal Transport in a Lowland Catchment

Wijngaard, René R.; Perk, Marcel van der; Grift, B. van der; Nijs, Ton C. M. de; Bierkens, Marc F. P.

doi:10.1007/s11270-017-3261-4

Cited by 53 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Sediments, in turn, in untreated runoff from direct discharge storm water systems considerably contribute to heavy metals pollution in waterways 124,125 and consequently sediments. 126 reported high metals levels in the runoff and ascribed that to the metal breakthrough from the soil systems. Basra soil is known for high levels of heavy metals that exceed the international standard limits, and such high levels are often linked to the oil industry in the city 102 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal variability and pollution sources identification of the surface sediments of Shatt Al-Arab River, Southern Iraq

Allafta

Opp

2020

Sci Rep

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Water draining from heavily industrialized basins introduces significant amounts of pollutants to the rivers water and sediments. Heavy industrial activities in the Shatt Al-Arab basin result in increased pollutant loads to the river's surface sediments. Therefore, it becomes crucial to investigate the influence of anthropogenic activities on both spatial and temporal scales. This study unfolded the extent, sources, and distributions of heavy metals pollution in the sediments of the Shatt Al-Arab River. Extensive samplings were performed during the dry and the wet seasons at 25 stations along the river course for the analysis of 11 heavy metals. The analysis revealed high pollution levels in the river sediments compared to both their historical values and international standards. Statistical analysis techniques such as principal component Analysis (pcA) and factor Analysis (fA) were applied. Statistical analysis showed that all the elements were well represented by four varifactors that explained a cumulative total variance of 74%. PCA/FA indicated that most investigated metals were of anthropogenic origins (i.e., industrial, residential, and agricultural sources). pollution indices that were applied, such as contamination factor (cf) and nemerow pollution index (p n), indicated that sediments were: (i) considerably contaminated with fe and Mo (ii) moderately contaminated with cr, Zn, ni, cu, pb and Mn and (iii) not contaminated with co and V. the p n values indicated serious pollution in the river sediments in all sites, even though the pollution was not evenly distributed, i.e., the upstream reaches of the river were more polluted compared to the downstream parts. In contrast to many studies that have reported changes in heavy metals concentrations due to seasonal variations, our data showed no significant relationship between metals concentrations and seasonality. This study addresses several of the major limitations of the current knowledge on this river's pollution sources and analysis, such as the limited number of analyzed pollutants and restricted samplings in the current literature. The findings necessitate the implementation of effective management strategies to control pollution in the river basin. Basra Governorate, the economic capital of Iraq, is the third-largest city in the country with a population of around three million 1. Considered to be the center of the oil industry in Iraq, Basra contributes significantly to the growing national economy (above 70% of the gross national product) 2. However, the economic growth that the country is experiencing has come at a high cost. Such growth has caused severe environmental degradations that not only threatens the environment but also made the resulting economic growth difficult to maintain 3,4. The Shatt Al-Arab River, formed by the confluence of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers and empties in the Arabian Gulf, is the primary freshwater source in a rather arid area surrounding Basra 5. The river provides lifeline benefits shared by millions of people liv...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal variability and pollution sources identification of the surface sediments of Shatt Al-Arab River, Southern Iraq

Allafta

Opp

2020

Sci Rep

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“…Soil physical, chemical and biological processes determine the mobility and redistribution of PTEs (Hooda, 2010). These processes include; sorption, desorption, dissolution and precipitation (Puchalski, 2003;Wijngaard et al, 2017). Subsequently, PTEs are redistributed into different geochemical fractions, associated with other soluble species, released from the soil matrix into the soil solution or porewater, and transferred through the ecosystem and food web to other terrestrial or riparian areas downstream from the floodplain; thus potentially becoming a risk to human and environmental health (Adamo et al, 2014;Adewuyi and Osobamiro, 2016;Baran and Tarnawski, 2015;Dang et al, 2002;Du Laing et al, 2009;Rinklebe et al, 2016;Schulz-Zunkel et al, 2015;Shaheen et al, 2014aShaheen et al, , 2014bSizmur et al, 2011).…”

Section: Changes To Soil Physical and Chemical Properties That Influences Ptes Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of increased flooding occurrence on the mobility of potentially toxic elements in floodplain soil – A review

Ponting

Kelly

Verhoef

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

101

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The frequency and duration of flooding events are increasing due to land-use changes increasing runoff of precipitation, and climate change causing more intense rainfall events. Floodplain soils situated downstream of urban or industrial catchments, which were traditionally considered a sink of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) arriving from the river reach, may now become a source of legacy pollution to the surrounding environment if PTEs are mobilised by unprecedented flooding events.When a soil floods, the mobility of PTEs can increase or decrease due to the net effect of five key processes; (i) the soil redox potential decreases which can directly alter the speciation, and hence mobility, of redox sensitive PTEs (e.g. Cr, As), (ii) pH increases which usually decreases the mobility of metal cations (e.g. Cd 2+ , Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ , Pb 2+ , Zn 2+ ), (iii) dissolved organic matter (DOM) increases, which chelates and mobilises PTEs, (iv) Fe and Mn hydroxides undergo reductive dissolution, releasing adsorbed and co-precipitated PTEs, and (v) sulphate is reduced and PTEs are immobilised due to precipitation of metal sulphides. These factors may be independent mechanisms, but they interact with one another to affect the mobility of PTEs, meaning the effect of flooding on PTE mobility is not easy to predict. Many of the processes involved in mobilising PTEs are microbially mediated, temperature dependent and the kinetics are poorly understood.Soil mineralogy and texture are properties that change spatially and will affect how the mobility of PTEs in a specific soil may be impacted by flooding. As a result, knowledge based on one river catchment may not be particularly useful for predicting the impacts of flooding at another site. This review provides a critical discussion of the mechanisms controlling the mobility of PTEs in floodplain soils. It summarises current understanding, identifies limitations to existing knowledge, and highlights requirements for further research.

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“…Factors of climate change that affect the fate of heavy metals are alterations in precipitation and temperature. More intense and more frequent rainfall patterns are predicted to enhance the runoff of heavy metals from soil and increase their leaching into water systems (83). Another issue is the absorption of heavy metals by crops, which upon consumption eventually enter the food chain.…”

Section: Chemical Hazards and Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change and Emerging Food Safety Issues: A Review

Duchenne-Moutien

Neetoo

2021

Journal of Food Protection

114

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Throughout these past decades, climate change has featured among one of the most complex global issues. Characterized by worldwide alterations in weather patterns, along with a concomitant increase in the temperature of the Earth, climate change will undoubtedly have significant effects on food security and food safety. Climate change engenders climate variability, which are significant variations in weather variables and in their frequency. Both climate variability and climate change are thought to threaten the safety of the food supply chain through different pathways. One such pathway is their ability to exacerbate foodborne diseases by influencing the occurrence, persistence, virulence and, in some cases, toxicity of certain groups of disease-causing microorganisms. Food safety can also be compromised by various chemical hazards such as pesticides, mycotoxins and heavy metals. With changes in weather patterns such as lower rainfall, higher air temperature and higher frequency of extreme weather events amongst others, this translates to emerging food safety concerns. These include shortage of safe water for irrigation of agricultural produce, greater use of pesticides due to pest resistance, increased difficulty in achieving a well-controlled cold chain resulting in temperature abuse, or occurrence of flash floods which cause run-off of chemical contaminants in natural water courses. Together, these can result in foodborne infection, intoxication, antimicrobial resistance and long-term bioaccumulation of chemicals and heavy metals in the human body. Furthermore, severe climate variability can result in extreme weather events and natural calamities, which directly or indirectly impair food safety. This review discusses the causes and impacts of climate change and variability on existing as well as emerging food safety risks, and also considers mitigation and adaptation strategies to address the global warming and climate change problem.

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The Impact of Climate Change on Metal Transport in a Lowland Catchment

Cited by 53 publications

References 46 publications

Spatio-temporal variability and pollution sources identification of the surface sediments of Shatt Al-Arab River, Southern Iraq

Spatio-temporal variability and pollution sources identification of the surface sediments of Shatt Al-Arab River, Southern Iraq

The impact of increased flooding occurrence on the mobility of potentially toxic elements in floodplain soil – A review

Climate Change and Emerging Food Safety Issues: A Review

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