The impact of climate change on food and human security in Nigeria

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this study is to unravel the changing nature of climate change impact on the food and human security sector of the Nigerian State. Design/methodology/approach This study is an in-depth case study that involves the use of both quantitative and qualitative data. Statistical data on climate variability in Nigeria obtained from reliable databases were use in the making of analysis. Also, data derived from semi-structure interviews and special reports from International Non-governmental organizations on the subject matter were also used in the study. The findings of the study were based on an in-depth analysis of both primary and secondary sources of data. The secondary data were derived from existing published academic works. The primary data was developed using qualitative data that were collected from January to November, 2018 to 2019 in the different regions of Nigeria. For the South East, primary data was collected from Abakaliki, Ebonyi State. In the South-South, primary data was collected from Asaba, Delta State. In the South West, primary data was collected from Barutin, Kwara State. In the North East, primary data was collected from Maiduguri, while in North West, data was collected from Gusau, Zamfara State. In the North Central, data was collected from Markurdi, Benue State. During the data collection, 48 semi-structured Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) were carried out in the six selected research areas that represented their geo-political zones. Six Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were carried out, one for each of these six selected cities. Each of the Focus Group Discussions comprised between five and seven respondents. The idea of KIIs and FGDs is to allow the respondents to freely express their ideas comprehensively. Again, in other to get varied forms of responses, the respondents are mainly farmers however, a number of NGOs, civil servants, fertilizer sellers, government officials, transporters and aged men and women/retirees. It should be noted that the respondents cut across male and female gender of all ages and ethnic configuration. The respondents were also randomly selected through social networking. To avoid having people of similar The KIIs were three academics; two community leaders; two small scale fish farmers; rice, cassava, fish, livestock and crop farmers. All KIIs ad TIs were transcribed and analysed using thematic content analysis. Findings The findings revealed that climate change has negatively affected food security in Nigeria. it has also led to continuous armed confrontations over natural resources thereby undermining human security in the country. Originality/value This study is 100% original and can be assessed through turn it in evaluation.

Climate change and food security in selected Sub-Saharan African Countries

“…CO2 emission was selected as a proxy to climate change as it has been used by previous literatures like Affoh et al ( 2022 ) and Ani et al ( 2021 ). The selection of inflation rate (food price), income (real GDP) and population growth rate as control variables was justified with Affoh et al ( 2022 ), which examined the relationship between climate variables (rainfall amount, temperature, and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission) and food security (proxy with food availability, accessibility, and utilization).…”

“…The work of Ani et al ( 2021 ) unravelled the impact of the changing nature of climate on food and human security within the Nigerian context. They employed both qualitative and quantitative approaches (primary and secondary data source) on the six geopolitical zones.…”

“…On the one hand, the search for food security has several implications on climate change; conversely, climate change has impact on all classes of food security. In addition, the struggle for the control and ownership of the limited agricultural and natural resources has resulted to security challenges in major parts of the world (Ani et al, 2021 ).…”

Uncovering the Research Gaps to Alleviate the Negative Impacts of Climate Change on Food Security: A Review

“…Gender-based differentiations impact households’ subjection to vulnerabilities and risks and provide tools to control resources, technologies, and services ( Quisumbing et al, 2015 ; Johnson et al, 2016 ). Human health security especially women are usually negatively impacted in situations of declined household resources under climate change and natural disaster conditions like droughts and floods which impede the investments and on-farm activities ( Sugden et al, 2014 ; Ani et al, 2022 ). Adaptation measures are affected under conditions where women are devoid of the necessary information and lack extended participation in social institutions under climate shocks especially in rural areas ( Alam et al, 2017 ; Wood et al, 2017 ; Biesbroek et al, 2018 ).…”

Evaluation of climate change as a major determinant of crop yield improvement in Nigeria

“…Nigerian smallholder farmers are vulnerable because they lack the infrastructures to mitigate extreme weather conditions. (Ani et. al., 2022).…”