The impact of chocolate on cardiovascular health

Fernández-Murga, M. Leonor; Tarı́n, Juan J.; Garcı́a-Pérez, Miguel A.; Cano, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.05.011

Cited by 80 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Proanthocyanidins undergo structural modifications during phase II metabolism that may affect proteinbinding properties and tissue distribution (Fernández-Murga et al, 2011). With procyanidin-rich simple food matrices, the highest metabolite accumulation was observed in the liver, and methyl catechin-glucuronide was the only procyanidin phase II metabolite detected in this organ (Serra et al, 2013).…”

Section: Pharmacokinetics Of Pbesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pine Bark Extracts: Nutraceutical, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Evaluation

Jiao

Zhang

et al. 2015

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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Proanthocyanidins are among the most abundant constituents in pine bark extracts (PBEs). This review summarizes medical research on PBEs from Pinus pinaster, Pinus radiata, Pinus massoniana, and other less well characterized species. The precise mechanisms of the important physiologic functions of PBE components remain to be elucidated, but there is evidently great potential for the identification and development of novel antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular, neuroprotective, and anticancer medicines. Although toxicological data for PBEs are limited, no serious adverse effects have been reported. PBEs, therefore, may have potential as nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals and should be safe for use as food ingredients.

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Section: Pharmacokinetics Of Pbesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pine Bark Extracts: Nutraceutical, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Evaluation

Jiao

Zhang

et al. 2015

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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“…Cocoa products are generally considered a source of dietary flavanols that may underlie their purported health benefits (5)(6)(7)(8), although their flavanol profile and content vary by cultivars and fermentation procedures. Evidence from previous meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) 10 suggest that chocolate, Synthesized evidence from observational studies has also shown that chocolate consumption may reduce the risk of ischemic heart disease (12) and stroke (13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocoa Flavanol Intake and Biomarkers for Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Lin

Zhang

et al. 2016

The Journal of Nutrition

118

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“…Lembaga litbang dan universitas perlu didorong untuk melakukan risetbang yang lebih intensif untuk produk non-pangan seperti kosmetika dan kesehatan/obatobatan yang mempunyai prospek cerah karena semakin tingginya permintaan akan produk ini. 10,11) Teknologi terkini seperti nano teknologi dapat dimanfaatkan untuk risetbang ini.…”

Section: Gambarunclassified

Kajian Peran Riset Dan Pengembangan Dalam Mendukung Industri Kakao Nasional = Study on the Role of Research and Development in Supporting Indonesian Cocoa Industry

Manalu¹

2023

Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri

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ABSTRAKKakao merupakan komoditas perkebunan penghasil devisa terbesar ketiga setelah kelapa sawit dan karet. Pada tahun 2012 produksi kakao tercatat sebesar 833.310 ton dengan rata-rata pertumbuhan sebesar 1,56%. Ada dua tantangan utama dalam pengembangan industri kakao nasional yaitu peningkatan kuantitas (produksi dan produktifitas) dan kualitas. Untuk mendukung usaha tersebut peran riset dan pengembangan (risetbang) sangat dibutuhkan untuk memastikan prosedur yang diterapkan sudah tepat dan sesuai. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari peran risetbang serta faktor pendukung lainnya dalam menjawab permasalahan kakao nasional. Studi ini berupa hasil survey terhadap responden (pelaku risetbang kakao) yaitu lembaga penelitian dan pengembangan, universitas serta industri pengolahan kakao. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa permasalahan industri kakao nasional terdapat pada semua aspek, dimana aspek budidaya merupakan permasalahan terbesar. Aspek berikutnya adalah penyuluhan, kelembagaan, skala usaha, mutu, kebijakan, pengolahan produk antara dan pengolahan produk hilir. Studi juga menunjukkan bahwa masih banyak hasil riset yang tidak dapat dimanfaatkan oleh industri kakao skala besar, sisanya walaupun telah bersifat aplikatif tetapi hanya untuk skala kecil sehingga kurang signifikan. Pada industri usaha skala kecil dan menengah umumnya peralatan yang digunakan berkapasitas rendah sehingga tidak efisien.

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The impact of chocolate on cardiovascular health

Cited by 80 publications

References 101 publications

Pine Bark Extracts: Nutraceutical, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Evaluation

Pine Bark Extracts: Nutraceutical, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Evaluation

Cocoa Flavanol Intake and Biomarkers for Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Kajian Peran Riset Dan Pengembangan Dalam Mendukung Industri Kakao Nasional = Study on the Role of Research and Development in Supporting Indonesian Cocoa Industry

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