“…Rutherford (2006) highlights teachers' empowerment in charter schools, which is manifested through a higher ability to decide about program contents, more leadership in education, and more investment in professional development. Booker, Gilpatric, Gronberg, & Jansen (2007) argue that independent schools improve student performance by adapting their programs to the context and characteristics of students. The capacity for innovation and exploration of new pedagogical approaches, a greater involvement of parents and families, community participation through financial support and volunteerism, and stronger pressure to achieve goals and be accountable to the community have also been identified as major drivers of success and satisfaction with the school (Berends, Cannata, Goldring, & Preston, 2012;Bifulco & Ladd, 2005;Bierlein, Finn, Manno, & Vanourek, 1998).…”