The impact of body build on the relationship between body mass index and percent body fat

Deurenberg, P.; Yap, Mabel; Wang, J; Lin, FP; Schmidt, Günter

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0800868

Cited by 171 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The higher body fat percentage at low BMI in adult Singapore Chinese could be explained by differences in body build, more specifically differences in relative leg length and differences in slenderness compared with Beijing Chinese and Dutch Caucasians (Deurenberg et al, 1999). This effect of body build has been confirmed in two other studies (Guricci et al, 1998;Deurenberg-Yap et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Differences in body composition between Singapore Chinese, Beijing Chinese and Dutch children

et al. 2003

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Objectives: To compare the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF%) in children of different ethnic background. Design: Cross-sectional observational study. Settings: The study was performed in three different locations, Singapore, Beijing and Wageningen (The Netherlands). Subjects: In each centre 25 boys and 25 girls, aged 7 -12 y, were selected. They were matched on age, sex and body height. Methods: Body weight and body height was measured following standardized procedures. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight=height squared (kg=m 2 ). Body fat was measured by densitometry in Beijing and Wageningen and by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in Singapore. The DXA measurements in Singapore were validated against densitometry. Results: There were no significant differences in BF% or BMI within each gender group across the three study sites. However, after controlling for (non-significant) differences in age and BF%, the Singapore children had a lower (mean AE s.e.) BMI (15.6 AE 0.3) than the Beijing 17.6 AE 0.3) and Wageningen (16.9 AE 0.3) children. For the same BMI, age and sex the Singapore children had a significant higher BF% (24.6 AE 0.7) than the Beijing (19.2 AE 0.8) and Wageningen (20.3 AE 0.7) children. Conclusions: The study strongly suggests that the relationship between BF% and BMI (or weight and height) is different among children of different ethnic background. Consequently growth charts and BMI cut-off points for underweight, overweight and obesity in children may have to be ethnic-specific.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Differences in body composition between Singapore Chinese, Beijing Chinese and Dutch children

et al. 2003

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“…Although BMI is a simple and non-invasive method for assessing obesity and excessive fat stores within a single population, it is less reliable when it comes to comparing body composition between populations [38,39]. Our findings indicate that BMI is an unreliable measure for studying the association between obesity and insulin resistance or Type 2 diabetes across ethnic groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Age, body mass index and Type 2 diabetes?associations modified by ethnicity

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2003

Diabetologia

174

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Aims/hypothesis. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of ethnicity on the association between age and body mass index as well as the prevalence of diabetes. Methods. We selected population-based studies carried out after 1980 in the DECODE/A studies representing different ethnic groups: 11 European, 1 Maltese, 3 Indian, 2 Chinese and 3 Japanese surveys. The total numbers of subjects were 14,240 men and 15,129 women who were 30 to 89 years of age. Diabetes was diagnosed according to the 1999 World Health Organization criteria based on a standard 75 g OGTT. Sexspecific prevalence of diabetes by age and BMI was stratified by ethnic group, in particular the interaction of ethnicity on the associations between age/BMI and the prevalence of diabetes.Results. The prevalence of diabetes was higher in studies from India and Malta compared to Japan, China, and the rest of Europe. The association between BMI and diabetes, adjusted for age, showed noticeable differences between the ethnic groups with an increase in prevalence starting at a BMI between 15 and 20 kg/m 2 in the Maltese and Indian populations compared to 25 kg/m 2 in Europeans. Conclusion/interpretation. The effect of BMI on the age-adjusted prevalence of Type 2 diabetes was modified by ethnicity with considerably lower thresholds in Indian and Maltese subjects compared to those from the rest of Europe. This difference should be reflected in national and international recommendations regarding "optimal" BMI.

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“…Those who have a higher relative leg/arm length will have a higher resistance/impedance, and thus have a lower RI at a given FFM and an underestimation of TBW and FFM (Snijder et al, 1999). Data on differences in relative leg length among Asian children from different origins are limited, but these differences have been found among Asian adults (Gurrici et al, 1999;Deurenberg et al, 2002b) and between Asians, blacks and Caucasians (Gallagher et al, 1996;Norgan, 1994;Deurenberg et al, 1999). Furthermore, the ethnic difference in TBW distribution can also influence the estimation of TBW and FFM by single frequency BIA.…”

Section: Development Of Bia Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of bioelectrical impedance analysis for total body water assessment against the deuterium dilution technique in Asian children

Liu

Byrne

et al. 2011

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Background/Objectives: To develop and cross-validate bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) prediction equations of total body water (TBW) and fat-free mass (FFM) for Asian pre-pubertal children from China, Lebanon, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand. Subjects/Methods: Height, weight, age, gender, resistance and reactance measured by BIA were collected from 948 Asian children (492 boys and 456 girls) aged 8-10 years from the five countries. The deuterium dilution technique was used as the criterion method for the estimation of TBW and FFM. The BIA equations were developed using stepwise multiple regression analysis and cross-validated using the Bland-Altman approach. Results: The BIA prediction equation for the estimation of TBW was as follows: TBW ¼ 0.231 Â height 2 / resistance þ 0.066 Â height þ 0.188 Â weight þ 0.128 Â age þ 0.500 Â sexÀ0.316 Â ThaisÀ4.574 (R 2 ¼ 88.0%, root mean square error (RMSE) ¼ 1.3 kg), and for the estimation of FFM was as follows: FFM ¼ 0.299 Â height 2 /resistance þ 0.086 Â height þ 0.245 Â weight þ 0.260 Â age þ 0.901 Â sexÀ0.415 Â ethnicity (Thai ethnicity =1, others = 0)À6.952 (R 2 ¼ 88.3%, RMSE ¼ 1.7 kg). No significant difference between measured and predicted values for the whole cross-validation sample was found. However, the prediction equation for estimation of TBW/FFM tended to overestimate TBW/FFM at lower levels whereas underestimate at higher levels of TBW/FFM. Accuracy of the general equation for TBW and FFM was also valid at each body mass index category. Conclusions: Ethnicity influences the relationship between BIA and body composition in Asian pre-pubertal children. The newly developed BIA prediction equations are valid for use in Asian pre-pubertal children.

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The impact of body build on the relationship between body mass index and percent body fat

Cited by 171 publications

References 24 publications

Differences in body composition between Singapore Chinese, Beijing Chinese and Dutch children

Differences in body composition between Singapore Chinese, Beijing Chinese and Dutch children

Age, body mass index and Type 2 diabetes?associations modified by ethnicity

Validation of bioelectrical impedance analysis for total body water assessment against the deuterium dilution technique in Asian children

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