The Impact of Battery Performance on Urban Air Mobility Operations

Qiao, Xiaotao; Chen, Guotao; Wang, Lin; Zhou, Jun

doi:10.3390/aerospace10070631

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…By integrating with the ride-sharing business model, UAM offers a safe and quiet means of transport that significantly reduces travel time within a city while avoiding ground traffic congestion. With advancements in high-energy-density batteries, high-power electric motor technology, and autonomous driving capabilities, UAM is anticipated to become a promising new challenge of transportation in the future [1,2]. The implementation of UAM technology is gaining attention, particularly with regard to new battery technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, batteries with discharge rates of 8C or higher necessitate careful design to address the heat generated during high-discharge operations. The optimal temperature range for lithium-ion batteries, which are commonly used for UAM applications, is between 25 and 55 • C. Beyond this range, cell lifespan rapidly decreases, and temperatures exceeding 80 • C can lead to thermal runaway, making it essential to conduct thorough research on the thermal behavior of battery cells [2]. Because of its high energy density and price competitiveness, the lithium-ion battery is the most widely used UAM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electro-Thermal Analysis of a Pouch–Type Lithium–Ion Battery with a High Discharge Rate for Urban Air Mobility

Lee

2023

Batteries

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The dynamic behavior and thermal performance of a high-power, high-energy-density lithium-ion battery for urban air mobility (UAM) applications were analyzed by using an electro-thermal model. To simulate the behavior of pouch-type nickel-cobalt-manganese (NCM) lithium–ion batteries, a battery equivalent circuit with a second order of resistance–capacitance (RC) elements was employed. The values of the RC models were determined by using curve fitting based on experimental data for the lithium-ion battery. A three–dimensional model of the lithium-ion battery was created, and a thermal analysis was performed while considering the external temperature and flight time under a 20 min load condition. At an external temperature of 20 °C, the heat generation increased proportionally to the square of the current as the C–rate increased. For 3C, the reaction heat source was 45.5 W, and the average internal temperature of the cell was 36 °C. Even at the same 3C, as the external temperature decreased to 0 °C, the increase in internal resistance led to a greater reaction heat source of 58.27 W, which was 36.9% higher than that at 20 °C. At 5C, the maximum operating time was 685.6 s. At this point, the average internal temperature of the cell was 59.8 °C, which allowed for normal operation. When the C–rate of the battery cell reached 8, which was the momentary maximum high-discharge condition, the temperature sharply rose before the state of charge (SoC) reached 0. With an average internal cell temperature of 80 °C, the maximum operating time became 111.9 s. This met the design requirements for urban air mobility (UAM) in this study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-Thermal Analysis of a Pouch–Type Lithium–Ion Battery with a High Discharge Rate for Urban Air Mobility

Lee

2023

Batteries

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A holistic review of the current state of research on aircraft design concepts and consideration for advanced air mobility applications

Kiesewetter,

Shakib,

Singh

et al. 2023

Progress in Aerospace Sciences

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Temperature Management Strategy for Urban Air Mobility Batteries to Improve Energy Efficiency in Low-Temperature Conditions

Kim,

Kwon,

Cho

2024

Sustainability

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As urban population concentration accelerates, issues such as traffic congestion caused by automobiles and climate change due to carbon dioxide emissions are becoming increasingly severe. Recently, urban air mobility (UAM) has been attracting attention as a solution to these problems. UAM refers to a system that uses electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft to transport passengers and cargo at low altitudes between key points within urban areas, with lithium-ion batteries as the primary power source. The lithium-ion batteries used in UAM have characteristics that degrade performance in low temperatures, including decreased power output and diminished energy capacity. Although research has been conducted on preheating lithium-ion batteries to address this issue, sufficient consideration has not been given to the energy used for preheating. Therefore, this study compares the energy recovered by preheating lithium-ion batteries with the energy consumed during preheating and proposes a temperature management method for low temperatures that maximizes the energy gain of lithium-ion batteries.

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The Impact of Battery Performance on Urban Air Mobility Operations

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Electro-Thermal Analysis of a Pouch–Type Lithium–Ion Battery with a High Discharge Rate for Urban Air Mobility

Electro-Thermal Analysis of a Pouch–Type Lithium–Ion Battery with a High Discharge Rate for Urban Air Mobility

A holistic review of the current state of research on aircraft design concepts and consideration for advanced air mobility applications

Temperature Management Strategy for Urban Air Mobility Batteries to Improve Energy Efficiency in Low-Temperature Conditions

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